Daniel P. Kidder
(1815-1891)
Mormonism and the Mormons
(NYC: Lane & Sandford, 1842, 44)
I: ch. 1-7  |  II: pp. 101-214  |  III: pp. 215-338
  • TitlePage   Preface   Contents
  • Ch. 1  (pp. 11-18)    Ch. 2  (pp. 19-35)
  • Ch. 3  (pp. 36-48)    Ch. 4  (pp. 49-59)
  • Ch. 5  (pp. 60-69)    Ch. 6  (pp. 70-89)
  • Ch. 7  (pp. 90-100)

  • Transcriber's Comments

    •



    Turner's 1842 Mormonism  |  Caswall's 1843 Prophet of 19th Cen.  |  Clark's 1842 Gleanings...

     



    M O R M O N I S M

    AND

    T H E   M O R M O N S:

    A

    H I S T O R I C A L   V I E W

    OF  THE
    R I S E   A N D   P R O G R E S S


    OF  THE  SECT  SELF - STYLED

    LATTER - DAY  SAINTS.


    BY  DANIEL  P.  KIDDER.


    Now the Spirit speaketh expressly that in the LATTER TIMES
    some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits,
    and doctrines of devils, speaking lies in hypocrisy, having their
    conscience seared with a hot iron. -- I Timothy iv, 1-3.


    NEW - YORK:
    PUBLISHED BY G. LANE & P.P. SANDFORD,
    FOR THE METHODIST EPISCIPAL CHURCH, AT THE CONFERENCE
    OFFICE, 200 MULBERRY - STREET.
    J. Collord, Printer.
    1842.



     

    [ 2 ]








    Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1842, by
    G. LANE & P. P. SANDFORD, In the Clerk's Office of the District
    Court of the Southern District of New-York.





     



    [ 3 ]






    P R E F A C E.

    _____

    IT is due to the writer, no less than to the reader, that the circumstances which have called forth the present volume should be stated. On the 13th of Nov., 1840, I was at a place called Fulton City, on the upper waters of the Mississippi river, waiting for the descent of some steamboat in which I might take passage. About day-break the next morning a boat was hailed, and I went on board. The bustle of embarkation was hardly over before I learned that the boat was owned and principally manned by Mormons, being called Nauvoo. It moreover carried Joseph Smith, Jr., in the character of passenger; although in reality he was chief director of the whole concern. It appeared that among the multitudes drawn together at the Mormon settlements in the west, were a number of individuals more or less acquainted with navigation. In order that their talent might not be unemployed, Smith and his coadjutors had purchased a steamboat and commenced running it on the river for purposes of speculation, and also doubtless with a view to accommodating their colony at Nauvoo. On


     


    4                                            PREFACE.                                            


    board this boat was a small, but promiscuous company of passengers, most of whom, having embarked without a knowledge of the peculiar company into which they would be introduced, soon found themselves annoyed by a system of surveillance that was maintained over them. If in their conversation any remarks were dropped indicative of doubt concerning the truth of Mormonism, or of want of respect toward the leaders of that sect, they were almost sure to be reported to Smith. He, as the leader and champion, took it upon himself to chastise with severe words any who had thus offended. He did not explain the manner of his information respecting the expressions of those with whom he had not conversed; but asserted himself to be "a discerner of spirits," and affected to disclose what was in the heart of others. In short, his repeated treatment of those who did not acknowledge his pretensions, exemplified an assertion of his own, viz., that in order to get through the world to the best advantage, he had learned to browbeat his way. I had at that time but little acquaintance with the doctrines or peculiarities of Mormonism, and therefore felt bound to avail myself of all the facilities for gaining information, in the midst of which I was so unexpectedly thrown.

    I will neither attempt to detail what passed in the course of the two or three days I spent in company with the individual referred to, nor inquire what agency his prophetic knowledge had in running the boat out of her proper course,


     


                                               PREFACE.                                             5


    and driving her upon rocks, at a moment when he himself was assisting the pilot at the wheel! It was by the last-mentioned circumstance that my passage on the Nauvoo was interrupted, and the poor boat left fast upon the upper rapids of the Mississippi, until a rise of water took her off.

    Perhaps this untoward event was in judgment upon the prophet for violating the command of one of his own revelations, which originating, as it would appear, in his having been sadly frightened in a passage on one of the lakes, forbade himself and his elders ever exposing their precious lives to the perils of navigation otherwise than by canal!

    On leaving the Nauvoo for another boat, which came to our relief, several passengers of the former requested me to draw up a statement of what we had witnessed for publication at St. Louis. This I declined, but promised at a future day to prepare an article for the press, in which, without setting down aught on the score of the personal treatment we had received, I would endeavour to place the subject of Mormonism in its true light. Such an article was prepared for publication in the Methodist Quarterly Review. It however being rather too long for an insertion in that periodical, the editor and others recommended its revision with a view to publication in its present form.

    The works adopted as a basis of the review were:

    I. The Book of Mormon, translated by Joseph


     


    6                                            PREFACE.                                           


    Smith, Jr., third edition, carefully revised by the Translator, Nauvoo, Illinois, stereotyped. Cincinnati, 1840.

    II. Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of the Latter-day Saints; carefully selected and compiled from the revelations of God, by Joseph Smith, Jr., Oliver Cowdery, Sidney Rigdon, Frederick G. Williams, (Presiding Elders of said Church,) Proprietors, Kirtland, Ohio, 1835.

    III. History of Mormonism; or a faithful Account of that singular Imposition and Delusion, with Sketches of the Characters of its Propagators, to which are added, Inquiries into tho probability that the Historical Part of the Golden Bible was written by one Solomon Spalding, and by him intended to have been published as Romance. By E. D. Howe. Painesville, Ohio, 1840.

    IV. A Brief History of the Church of Christ of Latter-day Saints, (commonly called Mormons,) including an Account of their Doctrines and Discipline, with Reasons of the Author for leaving the Church. By John Corrill, a Member of the Legislature of Missouri. St. Louis, 1839.

    These books, not having been published in the Atlantic states, have been beyond the reach of many into whose hands this volume will fall. From them, as containing authentic data upon several branches of the subject, extracts have been freely made, while various other sources of information have been resorted to, including


     


                                               PREFACE.                                            7


    nearly all the official Mormon publications, a volume of the Millennial Star, published in England, and the Times and Seasons, now edited by Smith, at Nauvoo.

    A want of materials has not been the difficulty in the present undertaking: but to select such as would repay the reader for examination was a task which it would perhaps be vain in me to suppose accomplished. In refuting pretensions intrinsically absurd, argument itself becomes supererogation. To invest with interest a subject which of itself is low and groveling, can only be done by elevating that subject to a rank it never deserved. These considerations have hitherto induced the comparative silence of the press upon the proper merits of Mormonism. The delusion in the mean time has spread, until its growing evils have won for it a consequence to which the Christian and the philanthropist can be no longer indifferent. Smith already claims to have more than one hundred thousand followers. Such claim is doubtless made for effect, and is grossly exaggerated. Nevertheless, from an examination of the various letters and reports published in his official paper, I am forced to the conclusion that the Mormons actually number at the present time about EIGHTEEN THOUSAND. They are distributed nearly as follows: -- Nauvoo and vicinity, eight thousand five hundred. Other parts of the United States and Canada, three thousand. Great Britain, six thousand five hundred.


     


    8                                            PREFACE.                                           


    While many have feared lest any refutation of their principles should only give them increased notoriety, and while the materiel of a complete and convincing exposure of their errors and schemes has been accessible to but few, they have by no means been indifferent to the power of the press as an auxiliary to their efforts. They have published several newspapers in the United States, and one in England. A third and stereotype edition of the Book of Mormon has been issued in this country. The same work has been republished in England, together with a hymn-book, and various circulars and pamphlets setting forth their dogmas. A book has been prepared to operate in their behalf in Germany. One of their elders was, by the last intelligence, proceeding across the continent of Europe on a mission to Palestine. A newly ordained teacher had sailed for South Australasia, and another in the army ordered to India.

    Let any one reflect upon the ruinous nature of this delusion, and on the spiritual blindness and misery it will inevitably entail upon its successive victims, and, answer if American Christians have not been criminally indifferent to their duty both of informing themselves and the world of its true character. Ignorantly it has been received by thousands. The leaven of corruption has begun to work far and near, and who can tell how many souls will be contaminated, or how many years shall pass, ere it will be thoroughly purged out!


     


                                               PREFACE.                                             9


    In the facts which this work exhibits, the reader will find the spread of Mormonism accounted for on natural principles, altogether independent of its claim to the divine sanction. It will be understood that our only opposition to Mormonism is on the ground of its being a religious imposture.

    That its adherents are entitled to all the rights and immunities of freemen we strenuously maintain. That they have been wickedly persecuted is beyond a doubt; and that this circumstance has been a prime cause of their recent increase is equally clear. Finding the plea of persecution to be their strong hold, it is not wonderful that they should resort to it when hard pressed for arguments. Hence it appears to have become their habit to meet whatever is said respecting the origin of their sect with a flat, but unsatisfactory denial. This undoubtedly is their shortest course, and that which is least hazardous of self-contradiction. How much weight such denial is entitled to, may be seen in its conflicting with the plainest certified and circumstantial evidence.

    To prevent this retreat from investigation under cover of a denial to well-authenticated facts, I have been obliged to preserve in borrowed language many statements that could have been made at once more brief, and more agreeable to the reader in another dress.

    The present work was not undertaken from a desire to interest the curious, or to edify the learned. To place within the reach of all who


     


    10                                            PREFACE.                                           


    might desire them, the means both of understanding and of exposing the schemes of Mormonism, and the fanaticism of the Mormons, was the leading design of the writer. Utility, correspondent to this object, has been preferred in all eases to embellishment. I have not been insensible to the vast field for speculation which is opened in the facts here narrated, especiallly when they are viewed in comparison with the fanaticisms of former ages. This I cheerfully leave to others. To exhibit facts, not theories, has been my simple aim.

    The general style of a review has been preserved. To use the utmost fairness has been my aim. Wherein I have failed I hope will be shown.

    That these pages may be instrumental in checking the progress both of fanaticism and of infidelity, is the sincere desire with which they are now submitted to the public.

    Some delays in the issue of this work, not at first anticipated, have on the whole perhaps been beneficial, as they have enabled the writer to imbody, in an appendix, the more recent facts that have come to his knowledge, up to the very date of publication.





     

                           MORMONISM AND THE MORMONS.                        339



    (Contents section has been relocated here for easier consultation.)





    C O N T E N T S.
    ______


    CHAPTER  I.


    11       Prevalence of imposture -- Religion its favourite disguise -- Character of Mormonism -- Causes of its spread -- Extent of the delusion -- It furnishes capital for infidelity -- Design of this work -- Wickedness and folly of persecution -- The true remedy -- Notice of Howe's History -- Corrill's -- Golden Bible -- Topics of inquiry


    CHAPTER  II.


    19       Character of inspired men -- Vicious habits of the Smiths -- Cupidity of Harris - A chance lie - Contradictions in maintaining it -- A speculation contrived -- Money-digging on the Susquehannah -- A runaway match - Shocking destitution of moral principle


    CHAPTER  III.


    36       Sidney Rigdon -- Solomon Spalding -- The "Manuscript Found" proved to be identical with the Mormon Bible -- Spalding's widow -- Rigdon's retirement at Pittsburgh -- His subsequent course in Ohio


    CHAPTER  IV.


    49       The Book of Mormon published -- Testimony of the witnesses -- Cross examination -- Probable motives of these men -- Contents of the book


     



    340                        MORMONISM AND THE MORMONS.                       



    CHAPTER  V.


    60       P. P. Pratt makes his appearance in Ontario county -- He is forthwith converted and ordained -- Mission to the Lamanites -- Smith's wife constituted amanuensis -- Easy method of getting a revelation -- Lamanites found in Ohio -- Rigdon's conversion -- Pratt's denial of the contrivance examined


    CHAPTER  VI.


    70       Early developments in Ohio -- Rigdon visits Smith -- Becomes prime coadjutor -- Revelation -- Kirtland becomes the land of promise -- Spirit of the new religion -- Proper signification and character of Mormonism -- Bugbear stories -- Financial policy -- The gift of tongues


    CHAPTER  VII.


    90       Zion established -- Enthusiasm for the gathering to Missouri -- Origin of difficulties -- Mob law -- Mutual provocations -- Expulsion of Mormons from Jackson county -- Revelations on the subject -- Army of Zion -- Essay at miracles -- Exhibitions of valour -- End of the campaign


    CHAPTER  VIII.


    101       Zion established -- Enthusiasm for the gathering to Missouri -- Origin of difficulties -- Mob law -- Mutual provocations -- Expulsion of Mormons from Jackson county -- Revelations on the subject -- Army of Zion -- Essay at miracles -- Exhibitions of valour -- End of the campaign


     



                           MORMONISM AND THE MORMONS.                        341



    CHAPTER  IX.


    116       Theological studies -- Book of Doctrine and Covenants -- The name of Latter-day Saints adopted -- Speculation in mummies --Manuscript of Abraham -- Authorities of the church -- Description of the temple -- Closing scenes in Ohio


    CHAPTER  X.


    129       Progress of events in Missouri -- Inflammatory preaching -- Secret society -- Hostilities -- War of extermination -- Cruelties inseparable from such an order -- Trial of the leaders -- Testimony before the court of inquiry -- Charged as ex parte


    CHAPTER  XI.


    155       Escape to Illinois -- Sufferings -- Persecution defeats itself -- Injustice -- Sympathies of the community -- Isaac Galland -- Magnificent enterprise -- Place of gathering -- Missions to England -- J. C. Bennett -- Revenge -- New revelation, corresponding to Galland's advice -- Charters for a city -- University and legion


    CHAPTER  XII.


    183       Military organization -- General orders -- Astonishing parade -- Smith outdoes Matthias -- Progress of the sect in England -- Letter to the queen -- Literary eminence -- Moving orders -- Dissatisfaction among the emigrants -- Latest instructions -- Advantages of the Mormon policy


     



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    CHAPTER  XIII.


    215       Theology of Mormonism -- Derivation -- Affinity to Campbellism -- Improvements upon the old system -- Miracles -- Tongues -- Conflicting medley of doctrines -- Duplicity of the advocates of Mormonism -- Honesty of many of its followers -- Real and distinguishing tenets -- Eternity of matter -- Materiality of God -- Baptism for the dead -- Interdiction of the same -- Desecration of the sabbath


    CHAPTER  XIV.


    253       Relation of Mormonism to Christianity -- Glance at the Book of Mormon -- New and improved edition -- Author and proprietor becomes translator -- Chronology -- A brass ball -- Miraculous navigation -- Narrative -- Antecedent voyages -- Bloody wars -- Antiquities of Central America in proof of Mormonism -- Colour of the Indians accounted for


    CHAPTER  XV.


    287       Prophecies -- Plagiarisms -- Caricature of Scripture -- Plates -- Contrivance to forestall objections -- Harris's visit to Dr. Anthon -- Dr. Anthon's letter -- Immersion instituted -- Wickedness of infant baptism -- Duplicity of Mormon teachers exhibited -- Their system carried out -- Foolish vagaries -- Rival revelator in New-York -- Phelps' humiliation -- Cowdery's present position -- Reprobation of Kirtland -- Patriarch's office -- Blessing meetings -- Summary and conclusion


    [ APPENDIX. ]

    332       [Containing addenda to the foregoing narrative, collecled frorn the Times and Seasons, from January to June, 1842, and other authentic sources.]


     

    [ 11 ]






    MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.

    ______

    CHAPTER I.

    Prevalence of imposture -- Religion its favourite disguise -- Character of Mormonism -- Causes of its spread -- Extent of the delusion -- It furnishes capital for infidelity -- Design of this work -- Wickedness and folly of persecution -- The true remedy -- Notice of Howe's History -- Corrill's -- Golden Bible -- Topics of inquiry.

    THERE are no limits to imposture. It has flourished in all ages and in every nation. Sometimes its very simplicity has won for it compassion; at others its hideous features have frightened men into compliance with its mandates. Here it has moulded the dies of the counterfeiter, and there it has woven the gloomy mask of superstition. It is capable of wearing, with equal grace, the fantastic garb of professed jugglery, and the grave insignia of the priesthood. Now it conjures up the contrivances of a petty bargain, and anon it plots the scheme of a political intrigue. It prepares the potion of the empyric, and furnishes testimony to its marvellous effects. It lurks in the courts and cabinets of kings, and is itself enthroned in the tent of the wandering gipsy. In short; its history in different places and in


     


    12                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    successive periods illustrates a metempsychosis more subtle than the Brahmin ever conceived; while its ubiquity has only been second to that of the spirit of evil in the heart of man. But of all the protean shapes it assumes, sanctity is its favourite. Of all the garbs in which it has ever been arrayed, none other so completely hides its deformity as that of religion.

    It is no gratifying reflection that this enlightened age, and this intelligent country, have witnessed the rise and spread of one of the most absurd and pitiful delusions of which there is any account. Every one has heard of the "Golden Bible," and of the Mormon prophet. While the very pretensions of either have carried self-refutation to the minds of many, their very extravagance has presented a charm to others.

    Associated on the one hand with a moneyed speculation, and on the other with some peculiar notions of religion which had been before assiduously propagated, and which were already popular in some parts of the country, these extravagances did not fail to attract admirers. Minds already settled in the principles of truth, or expanding in the highor pursuits of knowledge; found it an unwelcome task to investigate gravely such a subject, and little apprehended what would grow out of it. Thns negIected by some, and despised by others, Mormonism grew up by degrees, shaping its character to suit the times. It first spread among those who were sufficiently weak to be


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     13


    gulled into a belief of its absurdities. It soon had an equal currency among those who were either so unfortunate or so unprincipled as to find it for their interest to follow its leaders, or join its abettors.

    Persecution at length arose. Sympathy added to the number of the persecuted. The claims of their cause in the light of natural and civil justice induced many to think there might be similar grounds for their pretensions to religious orthodoxy.

    From these, and other causes that will be hereafter indicated, we find that after the lapse of ten years from its origin, the devotees of Mormonism are not numbered by scores or by hundreds, but by thousands. It is still on the increase. Its emissaries, with a zeal worthy of a better cause, have not been content with going through the length and breadth of our own land, they have crossed the Atlantic, and from the subjects furnished by certain classes of society in the old world, they are pouring in their proselytes among us by the ship load.

    Gladly would we have been excused from tho task of examining the claims of Mormonism and the Mormons, did not a regard for truth, together with the dictates of conscience, urge us to undertake it.

    Justice to the world and to posterity calls upon Americans of the present generation to record facts connected with this subject which are now and here notorious, but which perhaps are unknown abroad, and which ere long might


     


    14                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    become questionable by confused tradition, and eventually lost in the oblivion of time. Conscience, moreover, adjures us to repel the presumption by which the evidences of Mormonism have been asserted to compare with those of Christianity. On the ground of this presumption, the Mormon teacher already assumes to place himself on a level with the evangelists and thc apostles in the propagation of his sect. The avowed infidel yields the same presumptron with an equal zest in his attempted subversion of all revealed truth. There are strong grounds of probability that a disposition to sport with the credulity of mankind, and thus to make capital for skepticism, not only laid the cornerstono of Mormonism, but has planned and, carried up the whole superstructure. Certain it is, that no scheme could have been devised for that purpose with the hope of producing more fruitful results.

    In the progress of the present work we shall be obliged to unmask deception, and to place before the world the principal agents of this imposture in their true and attested character; yet we hope to do it in fairness and candour, so that could we gain the attention of any individuals exposed or already subject to the mental and spiritual contamination of which there have been such unhappy examples, we trust they may here find an antidote. At the same time, appealing to reason, to justice, and to the rights of man, we hope to rebuke that spirit of anarchy and intolerance which thinks to smother


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     15


    investigation on any subject, or to crush down even error itself, by means of oppression.

    The Mormon, however mistaken in any of his views, is none the less a citizen. While he therefore, in common with all others, is amenable to the laws of his country, he deserves equally with them to be maintained in the exercise of all his rights, by the supremacy of the laws, and the integrity of that country. Nor can those rights be infringed upon with. impunity. Aggression is sure to beget retaliation; and when once the restraints of law have been broken over, especially by a community, where can we expect the torrent of evil consequences to be stayed? The aggressor of to-day may be the victim to-morrow, and thus onward till the nation is plunged in a civil war of extermination. While then we have, much to lay to the charge of those whom we believe to be the authors of a scheme of vile deception, we by no means hold guiltless those who, by injudicious and illegal opposition, have done more to advance that very scheme, and multiply its deluded victims, than could ever have been done by its original contrivers, had they been left to themselves.

    Nor is it merely in view of the past that we record these sentiments. The numbers attached to the Mormon community, and their peculiar policy toward those without its pale, give cause of apprehension for the future. It is exceedingly important, therefore, that the inhabitants of this country, and of our great west


     


    16                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    especially, should fully understand this subject, and their duty with respect to it. Patience under any aggravations will be the mark of discretion. Truth and reason are the only weapons they can use with safety either in attack or defence. Let knowledge and piety be diffused -- let the pure principles of the gospel be disseminated and practised, and there will be nothing to fear. But in the absence of these, there will be no barrier against the giant strides of fanaticism, and no restraint upon the extravagances of human passion and folly.

    A strong presumption in favour of the truth of Scripture history crises from the fact that when it was published to the world no part of it was contradicted. Although numbers refused their assent to the doctrines of Christianity, and were interested to oppose them, yet there has come down to us no contemporaneous denial of its premises, no exposition of the deceptions on which it was based, if such existed.

    Such a presumption in favour of Mormonism is wholly destroyed by the existence of two of the works, whose titles are given in the preface. Howe's History of Mormonism, on examination, appears to be what its title indicates, "a faithful account of that singular imposition and delusion" during the first years of its rise. Its author did not content himself with recording facts merely upon the strength of public notoriety, but in every practicable instance he has collected the concurrent and certified testimony of living witnesses. He has imbodied


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     17


    the depositions and certificates of a large number of respectable citizens in western New-York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, respecting the pretended discovery, translation, and publication of the Book of Mormon, and also respecting the character of those engaged in the affair. Whatever may have been the success of this work on its publication, the author will not fail to realize a rich reward in the approbation of all who become acquainted with his industry, and especially in the gratitude of coming generations, should they be so unfortunate as to need demonstrative arguments in refutation of the system of imposture, whose origin he has delineated.

    Corrill's "Brief History" comes from another, and a very different source. Its author was for several years a member and an elder of the Mormon church. He explains the process by which he became such, and the reasons why he continued so long an adherent to practices which his good sense and better feelings condemned. He also testifies to the incredible inconsistencies which at length drove him to the extremity of casting off his allegiance to a false prophet. His work is by no means full and explicit, and insomuch fails to be satisfactory. Nevertheless, in several respects, it is valuable. It was manifestly an object for the author, in justification of himself, to state the very best arguments that exist in favour of Mormonism such as had been successful with himself, and with those among whom he had


     


    18                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    been able to propagate the system; and we are disposed to pardon the generality of his remarks, and the reserve in his statements, when we consider that to have divulged more would have seemed like bearing witness against himself, and glorying in his own shame. Query. Why were not some of the elders of Israel, or of the apostolic church, at least as honest as this man, so that if, in the course of long and painful expenence, they became convinced of their delmion, they would, like him, have confessed it, and thus set up a waymark for their countrymen and their children in coming days?

    These works correspond in all the important particulars which they both contain, and from them will be abridged the facts which immediately follow.

    In the year 1827 it began to be rumoured that a"Golden Bible," or, in other words, a new revelation, recorded upon plates of gold, had been found in Ontario county, New-York, by one Joseph Smith.

    In the year 1830 a publication made its appearance, entitled, "The Book of Mormon," purporting to be a translation of said record. Upon the divine authenticity of that book, upon its asserted miraculous preservation "in the bowels of the earth," and upon its equally miraculous discovery and translation, are predicated both the truth and the consistency of the whole system we are now discussing. It consequently becomes us to collect whatever light may be thrown upon the origin of so unusual a


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     19


    publication. Upon the Book of Mormon rests the whole fabric of Mormonism: let us examine whether it be not a sandy foundation. That was the starting point of the whole prophetic race: let us see whether it is from above or below. That is the fountain which has sent forth the whole flood of blessings or of curses attributable to this system: let us prove whether its waters are sweet or bitter.  




    CHAPTER  II.

    Character of inspired men -- Vicious habits of the Smiths -- Cupidity of Harris -- A chance lie -- Contradictions in maintaining it -- A speculation contrived -- Money-digging on the Susquehannah -- A runaway match -- Shocking destitution of moral principle.

    We will indulge for a moment the hypothesis that for wise and worthy reasons God did see proper then and there to make a revelation to the human family. It next becomes important to inquire who are the chosen vessels by whom the Almighty condescended to dispense such grace to the world. From what we know of the former-day saints and prophets, men "of whom the world was not worthy," we should expect if there were any righteous upon earth -- any full of faith and of the Holy Ghost -- any who were watching with prayers and tears for the coming of the Lord, that the election would be made from among them. If this could not be so, we should at least look for the chosen ones


     


    20                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    among the members of moral and respectable society. Both of these expectations are doomed to disappointment by the facts in the case. Here is the testimony.

    "Manchester, Ontario Co., N. Y., Nov. 3, 1833.
    "We, the undersigned, being personally acquainted with the family of Joseph Smith, Sen. with whom the celebrated Gold Bible, so called, originated, state that they were not only a lazy, indolent set of men, but also intemperate, and their word was not to be depended upon, and that we are truly glad to dispense with their society.

    PARDON BUTTS,
    HIRAM SMITH,
    JAMES GEE,
    A. H. WENTWORTH,
    JOSEPH FISH,
    SILVESTER WORDEN."
    		 WARDEN A. REED,
    ALFRED STAFFORD,
    ABEL CHASE,
    MOSES C. SMITH,
    HORACE N. BARNES,


    "Palmyra, Dec. 4, 1833.   

    "We, the undersigned, have been acquainted with the Smith family, for a number of years, while they resided near this place, and we have no hesitation in saying, that we consider them destitute of that moral character, which ought to entitle them to the confidence of any community. They were particularly famous for visionary projects, spent much of their time in digging for money which they pretended was hid in the earth; and to this day, large excavations may be seen in the earth, not far from their residence, where they used to spend their time in digging for hidden treasures. Joseph Smith, Senior, and his son Joseph, were in particular, considered entirely


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     21


    destitute of moral character, and addicted to vicious habits.

    "Martin Harris was a man who had acquired a handsome property, and in matters of business his word was considered good; but on moral and religious subjects, he was perfectly visionary -- sometimes advocating one sentiment, and sometimes another. And in reference to all with whom we were acquainted, that have embraced Mormonism from this neighborhood, we are compelled to say, were very visionary, and most of them destitute of moral character, and without influence in this community; and this may account why they were permitted to go on with their impositions undisturbed. It was not supposed that any of them were possessed of sufficient character or influence to make any one believe their book or their sentiments, and we know not of a single individual in this vicinity that puts the least confidence in their pretended revelations.

    "George N. Williams, Clark Robinson, Lemuel Durfee, E. S. Townsend, Henry P. Alger, C. E. Thayer, G. W. Anderson, H. P. Thayer, L. Williams, George W. Crosby, Levi Thayer, R. S. Williams, P. Sexton, M. Butterfield, S. P. Seymour, D. S. Jackways, John Hurlbut, H. Linnell, James Jenner, S. Ackley, Josiah Rice, Jesse Townsend, Richard. D. Clark, Th. P. Baldwin, John Sothington, Durfey Chase, Wells Anderson, N. H. Beckwith, Philo Durfee, Giles S. Ely, R. W. Smith, Pelatiah West, Henry Jessup, Linus North, Thos. Rogers, 2d. Wm. Parke, Josiah Francis, Ames Hollister, G. A. Hathaway, David G. Ely, H. K. Jerome, G. Beckwith, Lewis Foster, Hiram Payne, P. Grandin, L. Hurd, Joel Thayer, E. D. Robinson, Asahel Millard, A. Ensworth, Israel F. Chilson."

    After these statements, certified by sixty-two men of character, who may be


     


    22                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    considered as representing the entire community in which this affair took its origin, we may safely regard the character of the persons who "got up" the Book of Mormon as established; at least up to the period when that work was published.

    Martin Harris, above and hereafter referred to, was second in importance only to Smith. Indeed, had it not been for his money, which he supposed profitably invested, there is no probability that the miraculous book would have ever been published. Thus the discovery and translation of the record would have been equally vain.

    It will now be curious to observe several particulars which are vouched for by the regularly-sworn affidavits of different individuals.

    1. When Joseph Smith, Jr., first pretended to have found a Golden Bible, it was merely in jest, not expecting that any would be simple enough to believe him. Peter Ingersol, his neighbor and confidential friend, thus testifies: --

    "One day he came, and greeted me with a joyful countenance. -- Upon asking the cause of his unusual happiness, he replied in the following language: -- 'As I was passing, yesterday, across the woods, after a heavy shower of rain, I found, in a hollow, some beautiful white sand, that had been washed up by the water. I took off my frock, and tied up several quarts of it, and then went home. On my entering the house, I found the family at the table eating dinner. They were all anxious to know the contents of my frock. At that moment, I happened to think


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     23


    of what I had heard about a history found in Canada, called the Golden Bible; so I very gravely told them it was the Golden Bible. To my surprise, they were credulous enough to believe what I said. Accordingly I told them that I had received a commandment to let no one see it, for, says I, no man can see it with the naked eye and live. However, I offered to take out the book and show it to them, but they refuse to see it, and left the room.' 'Now,' said Jo, 'I have got the damned fools fixed, and will carry out the fun.' Notwithstanding, he told me he had no such book, and believed there never was any such book, yet, he told me that he actually went to Willard Chase, to get him to make a chest, in which he might deposit his Golden Bible. But, as Chase would not do it, he made a box himself, of clap-boards, and put it into a pillow case, and allowed people only to lift it, and feel of it through the case.

    2. As is usual, in such cases of fibbing, his stories were contadictory. Here is part of the testimony of Willard Chase.

    "In the fore part of September, (I believe,) 1827, the prophet requested me to make him a chest, informing me that he designed to move back to Pennsylvania, and expecting soon to get his gold book, he wanted a chest to lock it up, giving me to understand at the same time, that if I would make the chest he would give me a share in the book. I told him my business was such that I could not make it: but if he would bring the book to me, I would lock it up for him. He said that would not do, as he was commanded to keep it two years, without letting it come to the eye of any one but himself. This commandment, however, he did not keep, for in less than two years, twelve men said they had seen it. I told him to get it and convince me of its existence, and I


     


    24                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    would make him a chest; but he said, that would not do, as he must have a chest to lock the book in, as soon as he took it out of the ground. I saw him a few days after, when he told me that I must make the chest. I told him plainly that I could not, upon which he told me that I could have no share in the book.

    "A few weeks after this conversation, he came to my house, and related the following story: -- That on the 22d of September, he arose early in the morning, and took a one-horse wagon, of some one that had stayed over night at their house, without leave or license; and, together with his wife, repaired to the hill which contained the book. He left his wife in the wagon, by the road, and went alone to the hill, a distance of thirty or forty rods from the road; he said he then took the book out of the ground and hid it in a tree top, and returned home. He then went to the town of Macedon to work. After about ten days, it having been suggested that some one had got his book, his wife went after him; he hired a horse, and went home in the afternoon, staid long enough to drink one cup of tea, and then went for his book, found it safe, took off his frock, wrapt it round it, put it under his arm and run all the way home, a distance of about two miles. He said he should think it would weigh sixty pounds, and was sure it would weigh forty. On his return home, he said he was attacked by two men in the woods, and knocked them both down and made his escape, arrived safe and secured his treasure. -- He then observed that if it had not been for that stone, (which he acknowledged belonged to me,) he would not have obtained the book. A few days afterwards, he told one of my neighbors that he had not got any such book, nor never had such an one; but that he had told the story to deceive the d---d fool, (meaning me,) to get him to


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     25


    make a chest. His neighbors having become disgusted with his foolish stories, he determined to go back to Pennsylvania, to avoid what he called persecution. His wits were now put to the task to contrive how he should get money to bear his expenses. He met one day in the streets of Palmyra, a rich man, whose name was Martin Harris, and addressed him thus; -- 'I have a commandment from God to ask the first man I meet in the street to give me fifty dollars, to assist me in doing the work of the Lord by translating the Golden Bible.' Martin being naturally a credulous man, handed Joseph the money. In the spring 1829, Harris went to Pennsylvania, and on his return to Palmyra, reported that the Prophet's wife, in the month of June following would be delivered of a male child that would be able, when two years old to translate the Gold Bible. Then, said he, you will see Joseph Smith, Jr. walking through the streets of Palmyra, with a Gold Bible under his arm, and having a gold breast-plate on, and a gold sword hanging by his side. This, however, by the by, proved false.

    In April, 1830, I again asked Hiram for the stone which he had borrowed of me; he told me I should not have it, for Joseph made use of it in translating his Bible. I reminded him of his promise, and that he had pledged his honour to return it; but he gave me the lie, saying the stone was not mine nor never was. Harris at the same time flew in a rage, took me by the collar and said I was a liar, and he could prove it by twelve witnesses. After I had extricated myself from him, Hiram, in a rage, shook his fist at me, and abused me in a most scandalous manner. Thus I might proceed in describing the character of these high priests, by relating one transaction after another, which would all tend to set them in the same light in which they were regarded by


     


    26                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    their neighbors, viz: as a pest to society. I have regarded Joseph Smith, Jr. from the time I first became acquainted with him until he left this part of the country, as a man whose word could not be depended upon. Hiram's character was but very little better. What I have said respecting the characters of these men, will apply to the whole family. What I have stated relative to the characters of these individuals, thus far, is wholly true. After they became thorough Mormons, their conduct was more disgraceful than before. They did not hesitate to abuse any man, no matter how fair his character, provided he did not embrace their creed. Their tongues were continually employed in spreading scandal and abuse. Although they left this part of the country without paying their just debts, yet their creditors were glad to have them do so, rather than to have them stay, disturbing the neighbourhood.
        "Signed,              WILLARD CHASE.
    "On the 11th December, 1833, the said Willard Chase appeared before me, and made oath that the foregoing statement to which he has subscribed his name, is true, according to his best recollection and belief.     FREDERICK SMITH,
                  Justice of the Peace of Wayne County.

    "Parley Chase addirms as follows: -- 'I was acquainted with the family of Joseph Smith, Sen., both before and since they became Mormons, and feel free to state that not one of the male members of the Smith family were entitled to any credit, whatsoever. They were lazy, intemperate and worthless men, -- very much addicted to lying. In this they freqently boasted of their skill. Digging for money was their principal employment. In regard to their Gold Bible speculation, they scarcely ever told two stories alike."

    3. Finding some persons credulous enough


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     27


    to received his tales for truth, a moneyed speculation was planned. The following is a part of Henry Harris's affidavit: --

    "Joseph Smith, Jr. the pretended Prophet, used to pretend to tell fortunes; he had a stone which he used to put in his hat, by means of which he professed to tell people's fortunes.

    "Joseph Smith, Jr., Martin Harris and others, used to meet together in private, a while before the gold plates were found, and were familiarly known by the name of the 'Gold Bible Company.' They were regarded by the community in which they lived, as a lying and indolent set of men, and no confidence could be placed in them.

    "The character of Joseph Smith, Jr. for truth and veracity was such, that I would not believe him under oath. I was once on a jury before a justice's court and the jury could not, and did not, believe his testimony to be true. After he pretended to have found the gold plates, I had a conversation with him, and asked him where he found them, and how he came to know where they were. He said he had a revelation from God that told him they were hid in a certain hill, and he looked in his stone and saw them in the place of deposit; that an angel appeared, and told him he could not get the plates until he was married, and that when he saw the woman that was to be his wife, he should know her, and she would know him. He then went to Pennsylvania, got his wife, and they both went together and got the gold plates -- he said it was revealed to him that no one must see the plates but himself and wife.

    "I then asked him what letters were engraved on them; he said italic letters, written in an unknown *

    __________
    * He now says Hebrew and Egyptian. Italic letters in Hebrew!


     


    28                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    language, and that he had copied some of the words and sent them to Dr. Mitchell and Professor Anthon of New York. By looking on the plates he said he could not understand the words, but it was made known to him that he was the person that must translate them, and on looking through the stone was enabled to translate.

    "After the Book was published, I frequently bantered him for a copy. He asked fourteen shillings a piece for them; I told him I would not give so much; he told me had had [sic] a revelation that they must be sold at that price.

    "Some time afterwards I talked with Martin Harris about buying one of the Books and he told me they had had a new revelation, that they might be sold at ten shillings a piece."


    Abigail Harris has made the following affirmation, which is sustained by s similar one from Lucy, the wife of Martin Harris.

            "Palmyra, Wayne Co. N. Y. 11th mo. 28th,1833.

    "In the early part of the winter in 1828, I made a visit to Martin Harris's, and was joined in company by Joseph Smith, Sen. and his wife. The Gold Bible business, so called, was the topic of conversation, to which I paid particular attention, that I might learn the truth of the whole matter. They told me that the report that Joseph, Jr. had found golden plates, was true, and that he was in Harmony, Pa. translating them. The old lady said also, that after the book was translated, the plates were to be publicly exhibited -- admitance 25 cents. She calculated it would bring in annually an enormous sum of money -- that money would then be very plenty, and the book would also sell for a great price, as it was something entirely new -- that they had been commanded to obtain all the money they could borrow


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     29


    for present necessity, and to repay with gold. The remainder was to be kept in store for the benefit of their family and children. This and the like conversation detained me until about 11 o'clock. Early the next morning, the mystery of the Spirit being like myself (one of the order called Friends) was revealed by the following circumstance: The old lady took me into another room, and after closing the door, she said, 'Have you four or five dollars in money that you can lend until our business is brought to a close? the Spirit has said you shall receive four-fold.' I told her that when I gave, I did it not expecting to receive again: as for money, I had none to lend. I then asked her what her particular want of money was; to which she replied, 'Joseph wants to take the stage and come home from Pennsylvania to see what we are all about.' To which I replied, he might look in his stone and save his time and money. The old lady seemed confused, and left the room, and thus ended the visit.

    "In the second month following, Martin Harris and his wife were at my house. In conversation about Mormonites, she observed, that she wished her husband would quit them, as she believed it was all false and delusion. To which I head Mr. Harris reply: "What if it is a lie; if you will let me alone I will make money out of it!" I was both an eye and an ear witness of what has been stated above, which is now fresh in my memory, and I give it to the world for the good of mankind. I speak the truth and lie not, God bearing me witness.
                              "ABIGAIL HARRIS."


    Joseph Capron, after detailing sundry necromantic exploits of our hero, adds, --

    "At length Joseph pretended to find the gold plates. This scheme, he believed, would relieve the


     


    30                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    family from all pecuniary embarrassment. His father told me, that when the book was published, they would be enabled, from the profits of the work, to carry into successful operation the money-digging business. He gave me no intimation, at that time, that the book was to be of a religious character, or that it had any thing to do with revelation. He declared it to be a speculation, and said he, 'when it is completed, my family will be placed on a level above the generality of mankind!!'"


    The scene will now be changed from the state of New-York to that of Pennsylvania, where we shall learn some further particulars respecting the character and operations of these worthies from persons well qualified to judge of both. Smith's father-in-law, Mr. Hale, testifies to the following, among other particulars.

    "Harmony, Pa. Mar. 20th, 1834    

    "I first became acquainted with Joseph Smith, Jr. in November, 1825. He was at that time in the employ of a set of men who were called "money diggers;" and his occupation was that of seeing, or pretending to see by means of a stone placed in his hat, and his hat closed over his face. In this way he pretended to discover minerals and hidden treasure.

    "About this time, young Smith made several visits at my house, and at length asked my consent to his marrying my daughter Emma. This I refused, and gave my reasons for so doing; some of which were, that he was a stranger, and followed a business that I could not approve; he then left the place. Not long after this, he returned, and while I was absent from home, carried off my daughter, into the state of New York, where they were married without my approbation or consent.


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     31


    "Soon after this, I was informed they had brought a wonderful book of plates down with them. I was shown a box in which it is said they were contained, which had to all appearances, been used as a glass box of the common window glass. I was allowed to feel the weight of the box, and they gave me to understand, that the book of plates was then in the box -- into which, however, I was not allowed to look.

    "I inquired of Joseph Smith Jr., who was to be the first who would be allowed to see the book of plates? He said it was a young child. After this, I became dissatisfied, and informed him that if there was any thing in my house of that description, which I could not be allowed to see, he must take it away; if he did not, I was determined to see it. After that, the plates were said to be hid in the woods.

    "About this time, Martin Harris made his appearance upon the stage; and Smith began to interpret the characters or hieroglyphics which he said were engraven upon the plates, while Harris wrote down the interpretation. It was said, that Harris wrote down one hundred and sixteen pages, and lost them. Soon after this happened, Martin Harris informed me that he must have a greater witness, and said that he had talked with Joseph about it -- Joseph informed him that he could not, or durst not show him the plates, but that he (Joseph) would go into the woods where the book of plates was, and that after he came back Harris should follow his track in the snow, and find the book, and examine it for himself. Harris informed me that he followed Smith's directions, and could not find the plates, and was still dissatisfied.

    "The next day after this happened, I went to the house where Joseph Smith Jr., lived, and where he and Harris were engaged in their translation of the book. Each of them had a written piece of paper which they were comparing, and some of the words


     


    32                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    were 'my servant seeketh a greater witness, but no greater witness can be given him.' There was also something said about 'three that were to see the thing' -- meaning I supposed, the book of plates, and that 'if the three did not go exactly according to the orders, the thing would be taken from them.' I inquired whose words they were, and was informed by Joseph or Emma, (I rather think it was the former,) that they were the words of Jesus Christ. I told them, that I considered the whole of it a delusion, and advised them to abandon it. The manner in which he pretended to read and interpret, was the same as when he looked for the money-diggers, with the stone in his hat, and his hat over his face, while the book of plates were at the same time hid in the woods.

    "After this, Martin Harris went away, and Oliver Cowdery came and wrote for Smith, while he interpreted as above described. This is the same Oliver Cowdery, whose name may be found in the Book of Mormon. Cowdery continued a scribe for Smith until the Book of Mormon was completed as I supposed and understood.

    "Joseph Smith Jr., resided near me for some time after this, and I had a good opportunity of becoming acquainted with him, and somewhat acquainted with his associates, and I conscientiously believe from the facts I have detailed, and from many other circumstances, which I do not deem it necessary to relate, that the whole 'Book of Mormon' (so called) is a silly fabrication of falsehood and wickedness, got up for speculation, and with a design to dupe the credulous and unwary -- and in order that its fabricators may live upon thr spoils of those who swallow the deception.

    ISAAC HALE.   

    "Affirmed to and subscribed before me, March 20th, 1834.

    CHARLES DIMON, Justice of the peace.   




     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     33


         State of Pennsylvania, Susquehana Co., ss.

    "We, the subscribers, associate judges of the court of common pleas, in and for said county, do certify that we have been many years personally acquainted with Isaac Hale, of Harmony township in this county, who has attested the foregoing statement; and that he is a man of excellent moral character, and of undoubted veracity. Witness our hands.

    WILLIAM THOMPSON.   
    DAVIS DIMOCK.   




    "March 21st, 1834.

    "Rev. N. C. Lewis, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, also certifies and affirms in relation to Smith as follows: --

    "I have been acquainted with Joseph Smith Jr., for some time: being a relation of his wife, and residing near him, I have had frequent opportunities of conversation with him, and of knowing his opinions and pursuits. From my standing in the Methodist Episcopal Church, I suppose he was careful how he conducted or expressed himself before me. At one time, however, he came to my house, and asked my advice, whether he should proceed to translate the book of plates (referred to by Mr. Hale) or not. He said that God had commanded him to translate it, but he was afraid of the people: he remarked, that he was to exhibit the plates to the world, at a certain time, which was then about eighteen months distant. I told him I was not qualified to give advice in such cases. Smith frequently said to me that I should see the plates at the time appointed.

    "After the time stipulated, had passed away, Smith being at my house was asked why he did not fulfil his promise, show the golden plates and prove himself an honest man? He replied that he, himself, was deceived, but that I should see them if I were


     


    34                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    where they were. I reminded him then, that I stated at the time he made the promise, I was fearful 'the enchantment would be so powerful' as to remove the plates, when the time came in which they were to be revealed.

    "These circumstances and many others of a similar tenor, embolden me to say that Joseph Smith Jr., is not a man of truth and veracity; and that his general character, in this part of the country, is that of an impostor, hypocrite and liar.                    NATHANIEL C. LEWIS."

    "Affirmed and subscribed, before me, March 20th, 1834.

    CHARLES DIMON, Justice of the peace."


    Various other statements of similar import were collected in the same vicinity. We subjoin the substance of three which develop some of the worst features of human depravity.

    "Alva Hale, son of Isaac Hale, states, that Joseph Smith Jr. told him that his (Smith's) gift in seeing with a stone and hat, 'was a gift from God,' but also states 'that Smith told him at another time that this peeping was all d----d nonsense. He (Smith) was deceived himself but did not intend to deceive others; that he intended to quit the business, (of peeping) and labour for his livelihood.' That afterwards, Smith told him, he should see the plates from which he translated the Book of Mormon, and accordingly at the time specified by Smith, he (Hale) called to see the plates, but Smith did not show them, but appeared angry. He further states, that he knows Joseph Smith Jr. to be an impostor, and a liar, and knows Martin Harris to be a liar likewise.

    "Levi Lewis states, that he has been acquainted with Joseph Smith Jr. and Martin Harris, and that he has heard them both say, adultery was no crime.


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     35


    Harris said he did not blame Smith for his (Smith's) attempt to seduce E. W. &c. Mr. Lewis says that he knows Smith to be a liar; -- that he saw him (Smith) intoxicated at three different times while he was composing the Book of Mormon, and also that he has heard Smith when driving oxen, use language of the greatest profanity. Mr. Lewis also testifies that he heard Smith say he (Smith) was as good as Jesus Christ; -- that it was as bad to injure him as it was to injure Jesus Christ. With regard to the plates, Smith said God had deceived him -- which was the reason he (Smith) did not show them.

    "Sophia Lewis, certifies that she "feard a conversation between Joseph Smith, Jr., and the Rev. James B. Roach, in which Smith called Mr. R. a d----d fool. Smith also said in the same conversation that he (Smith) was as good as Jesus Christ; and that she has frequently heard Smith use profane language. She states that she heard Smith say the book of plates could not be opened under penalty of death by any other person but his (Smith's) first-born, which was to be a male." She says she was present at the birth of this child, and that it was still-born and very much deformed."

    Such men, we are told by the Mormons, were divinely appointed to usher in the fulness of the gospel. All who will not believe this are to be denounced as children of the devil, and heirs of wrath.




     

    36                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     






    CHAPTER III.

    Sidney Rigdon -- Solomon Spalding -- The '"Manuscript Found" proved to be identical with the Mormon Bible -- Spalding's widow -- Rigdon's retirement at Pittsburgh -- His subsequent course in Ohio.

    LEAVING the prophet and his worthy coadjutors in their employment of peeping and comparing notes on the banks of the Susquehannah, we shall now introduce to the reader an individual hitherto behind the curtain, but who was destined to act a prominent part in the farce of Mormonism. This is none other than Sidney Rigdon, known at that time in the northern counties of Ohio as a Campbelite preacher of some distinction, and reputed to possess more than ordinary shrewdness. By means of this latter trait, so much in contrast with the general character of the Smiths, he was enabled to keep his preliminary operations chiefly in the dark. Nevertheless, a combination of circumstances indicates him to have been the prime mover of the whole contrivance, at least as far as a religious imposture was concerned.

    The leading features of what has been published to the world, as the Book of Mormon, were conceived and written out as early as the year 1810, or 1811, by one Solomon Spalding. Of the last-mentioned individual we have the following account, written by his surviving brother, a resident of Crawford county, Pennsylvania.


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     37


    "Solomon Spalding was born in Ashford, Conn., in 1761, and in early life contracted a taste for literary pursuits. After he left school, he entered Plainfield academy, where he made great proficiency in study, and excelled most of his class-mates. He next commenced the study of law, in Windham county, in which he made little progress, having, in the mean time, turned his attention to religious subjects. He soon after entered Dartmouth college, with the intention of qualifying himself for the ministry, where he obtained the degree of A. M., and was afterward regularly ordained. After preaching three or four years, he gave it up, removed to Cherry Valley, New-York, and commenced the mercantile business, in company with his brother Josiah. In a few years he failed in business, and in the year 1809 removed to Conneaut, in Ohio. The year following I removed to Ohio, and found him engaged in building a forge. I made him a visit in about three years after, and found that he had failed, and was considerably involved in debt. He then told me he had been writing a book, which he intended to have printed, the avails of which he thought would enable him to pay all his debts. The book was entitled, the 'Manuscript Found,' of which he read to me many pas- sages. It was an historical romance of the first settlers of America,-endeavoring to show that the American Indians are the descendants of the Jews, or the lost tribes. It gave a detailed account of their journey from Jerusalem, by land and sea, till they arrived in America, under the command of NEPHI and LEHI. They afterward had quarrels and contentions, and separated into two distinct nations, one of which he denominated Nephites, and the other Lamanites. Cruel and bloody wars ensued, in which great multitudes were slain. They buried their dead in large heaps, which caused the mounds so common


     


    38                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    in this country. Their arts, sciences, and civilization were brought into view, in order to account for all the curious antiquities, found in various parts of North and South America. I have recently read the Book of Mormon, and, to my great surprise, I find nearly the same historical matter, names, &c., as they were in my brother's writings. I well remember that he wrote in the old style, and commenced about every sentence with, 'And it came to pass,' or, 'Now it came to pass,' the same as in the Book of Mormon, and, according to the best of my recollection and belief, it is the same as my brother Solomon wrote, with the exception of the religious matter. -- By what means it has fallen into the hands of Joseph Smith, Jr., I am unable to determine.

    "JOHN SPALDING.      


    "Martha Spalding, the wife of John Spalding, says: --

    "I was personally acquainted with Solomon Spalding, about twenty years ago. I was at his house it short time before he left Conneaut; he was then writing an historical novel, founded upon the first settlers of America. He represented them as an enlightened and warlike people. We had for many years contended that the aborigines of America were the descendants of some of the lost tribes of Israel, and this idea he carried out in the book in question, The lapse of time, which has intervened, prevents my recollecting but few of the leading incidents of his writings; but the names of Nephi and Lehi are yet fresh in my memory, as being the principal heroes of his tale. They were officers of the company which first came off from Jerusalem. He gave a particular account of their journey by land and sea, till they arrived in America, after which disputes arose between the chiefs, which caused them to separate into different lands, one of which was called


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     39


    Lamanites, and the other Nephites. Between these were recounted tremendous battles, which frequently covered the ground with the slain; and their being buried in large heaps was the cause of the numerous mounds in the country. Some of these people he represented as being very large. I have read the Book of Mormon, which has brought fresh to my recollection the writings of Solomon Spalding; and I have no manner of doubt that the historical part of it is the same that I read, and heard read, more than twenty years ago. The old, obsolete style, and the phrases of, 'And it came to pass,' &c., are the same."


    This Solomon Spalding appears to have been, like some other authors, exceedingly vain of his productions: at least, he exhibited and read his principal manuscripts so often to his neighbours and friends, that they still recollect its style and tenor.

    The following coincidences are so striking, and so evidently undesigned, that their weight must be felt by every ingenuous mind.

    "Conneaut, Ashtabula Co., Ohio, Sep., 1833.    

    "I left the state of New-York, late in the year 1810, and arrived at this place about the 1st of January following. Soon after my arrival, I formed a partnership with Solomon Spalding, for the purpose of rebuilding a forge which he had commenced a year or two before. He very frequently read to me from a manuscript which he was writing, which he entitled, the 'Manuscript Found,' and which he represented as being found in this town. I spent many hours in hearing him read said writings, and became well acquainted with their contents. He wished me to assist him in getting his production printed, alleging that a book of that kind would meet with a rapid


     


    40                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    sale. I designed doing so, but the forge not meeting our anticipations, we failed in business, when I declined having any thing to do with the publication of the book. This book represented the American Indians as the descendants of the lost tribes, -- gave an account of their leaving Jerusalem, their contentions and wars, which were many and great. One time, when he was reading to me the tragic account of Laban, I pointed out to him what I considered an inconsistency, which he promised to correct; but by referring to the book of Mormon, I find, to my surprise, that it stands there just as he read it to me then. Some months ago I borrowed the Golden Bible, put it into my pocket, carried it home, and thought no more of it, About a week after, my wife found the book in my coat pocket, as it hung up, and commenced reading it aloud as I lay upon the bed. She had not read twenty minutes till I was astonished to find the same passages in it that Spalding had read to me more than twenty years before, from his 'Manuscript Found.' Since that, I have more fully examined the said Golden Bible, and have no hesitation in saying, that the historical part of it is principally, if not wholly, taken from the 'Manuscript Found.' I well recollect telling Mr. Spalding, that the so frequent use of the words, 'And it came to pass,' 'Now it came to pass,' rendered it ridiculous. Spalding left here in 1812, and I furnished him the means to carry him to Pittsburgh, where he said he would get the book printed, and pay me. But I never heard any more from him or his writings, till I saw them in the Book of Mormon.      HENRY LAKE.      

    "Springfield, Pa., September, 1833.     

    "In the year 1811, I was in the employ of Henry Lake and Solomon Spalding, at Conneaut, engaged in rebuilding a forge. While there, I boarded and lodged in the family of said Spalding for several


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     41


    months. I was soon introduced to the manuscript of Spalding, and perused it as often as I had leisure. He had written two or three books or pamphlets on different subjects; but that which more particularly drew my attention, was one which he called the 'Manuscript Found.' From this he would frequently read some humorous passages to the company present. It purported to he the history of the first settlement of America, before discovered by Columbus. He brought them off from Jerusalem, under their leaders; detailing their travels by land and water, their manners, customs, laws, wars, &c. He said that he designed it as an historical novel, and that in after years it would be believed by many people as much as the history of England. He soon after failed in business, and told me he should retire from the din of his creditors, finish his book, and have it published, which would enable him to pay his debts, and support his family. He soon after removed to Pittsburgh, as I understood.

    I have recently examined the Book of Mormon, and find in it the writings of Solomon Spalding, from beginning to end, but mixed up with Scripture, and other religious matter, which I did not meet with in the 'Manuscript Found.' Many of the passages in the Mormon Book are verbatim from Spalding, and others in part. The names of Nephi, Lehi, Moroni, and in fact all the principal names, are brought fresh to my recollection by the Gold Bible. When Spalding divested his history of its fabulous names, by a verbal explanation, he landed his people near the Straits of Darien, which I am very confident he called Zarahemla; they were marched about that country for a length of time, in which wars and great bloodshed ensued; he brought them across North America, in a north-east direction.

    "JOHN N. MILLER.      


     


    42                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    "Conneaut, August, 1833.      

    "I first became acquainted with Solomon Spalding in 1808, or 1809, when he commenced building a forge on Conneaut creek. When at his house, one day, he showed and read to me a history he was writing, of the lost tribes of Israel, purporting that they were the first settlers of America, and that the Indians were their descendants. Upon this subject we had frequent conversations. He traced their journey from Jerusalem to America, as it is given in the Book of Mormon, excepting the religious matter. The historical part of the Book of Mormon I know to be the same as I read and heard read from the writings of Spalding, more than twenty years ago; the names, more especially are the same, without any alteration. He told me his object was to account for all the fortifications, &c., to he found in this country, and said that in time it would he fully believed by all, except learned men and historians. I once anticipated reading his writings in print, but little expected to see them in a new Bible. Spalding had many other manuscripts, which I expect to see when Smith translates his other plate. In conclusion, I will observe, that the names of, and most of the historical part of the Book of Mormon, were as familiar to me before I read it, as most modern history. If it is not Spalding's writing, it is the same as he wrote; and if Smith was inspired, I think it was by the same spirit that Spalding was, which he confessed to be the love of money.

    "AARON WRIGHT.      

    "Conneaut, August, 1833.      

    "When Solomon Spalding first came to this place, he purchased a tract of land, surveyed it out, and commenced selling it. While engaged in this business, he boarded at my house, in all nearly six months. All his leisure hours were occupied in


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     43


    writing an historical novel, founded upon the first settlers of this country. He said he intended to trace their journey from Jerusalem, by land and sea, till their arrival in America, -- give an account of their arts, sciences, civilization, wars, and contentions. In this way he would give a satisfactory account of all of the old mounds, so common to this country. During the time he was at my house, I read, and heard read one hundred pages or more. Nephi and Lehi were by him represented as leading characters, when they first started for America. Their main object was to escape the judgments which they supposed were coming upon the old world. But no religious matter was introduced, as I now recollect. Just before he left this place, Spalding sent for me to call on him, which I did. He then said, that although he was in my debt, he intended to leave tho country, and hoped I would not prevent him, for, says he, you know I have been writing the history of the first settlement of America, and I intend to go to Pittsburgh, and there live a retired life, till I have completed the work, and when it is printed, it will bring me a fine sum of money, which will enable me to return and pay off all my debts: the book, you know, will sell, as every one is anxious to learn something upon that subject. This was the last I heard of Spalding or his book, until the Book of Mormon came into the neighbourhood. When I heard the historical part of it related, I at once said it was the writing of old Solomon Spalding. Soon after I obtained the book, and, on reading it, found much of it the same as Spalding had written, more than twenty years before.

    "OLIVER SMITH.      

    "Conneaut, August, 1833.      

    "I first became acquainted with Solomon Spalding in Dec., 1810. After that time I frequently saw him


     


    44                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    at his house, and also at my house, I once, in conversation with him, expressed a surprise at not having any account of the inhabitants once in this country, who erected the old forts, mounds, &c. He then told me that he was writing a, history of that race of people; and afterward frequently showed me his writings, which I read. I have lately read the Book of Mormon, and believe it to be the same as Spalding wrote, except the religious part. He told me that he intended to get his writings published in Pittsburgh, and he thought that in one century from that time it would be believed as much as any other history.

    "NAHUM HOWARD.      


    "Artemus Cunningham, of Perry, Geauga county, states as follows: --

    "In the month of October, 1811, I went from the township of Madison to Conneaut, for the purpose of securing a debt due me from Solomon Spalding. I tarried with him nearly two days, for the purpose of accomplishing my object, which I was finally unable to do. I found him destitute of the means of paying his debts. His only hope of ever paying his debts, appeared to be upon the sale of a book which he had been writing. He endeavoured to convince me, from the nature and character of the work, that it would meet with a ready sale. Before showing me his manuscripts, he went into a verbal relation of its outlines, saying, that it was a fabulous or romantic history of the first settlement of this country, and as it purported to have been a record found buried in the earth, or in a cave, he had adopted the ancient, or Scripture style of writing. He then presented his manuscripts, when we sat down and spent a good share of the night in reading them, and conversing upon them. I well remember the name of Nephi, who appeared to be the principal hero of the story. The frequent repetition of the phrase,


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     45


    'I Nephi,' I recollect as distinctly as though it were but yesterday, although the general features of the story have passed from my memory, through the lapse of twenty-two years. He attempted to account for the numerous antiquities which are found upon this continent, and remarked, that after this generation had passed away, his account of the first inhabitants of America would be considered as authentic as any other history. The Mormon Bible I have partially examined, and am fully of the opinion that Solomon Spalding had written its outlines before he left Conneaut."
     

    The reader will now desire to know by what process the "Manuscript Found" came into the hands of Rigdon, and, after having been renovated, interpolated, and rigged out to suit his plan, was transferred to the hands of a noted money-digger at a distance from the place where it was designed more especially to operate, in order to be "got up" in a miraculous manner. The letter part of this process, viz., the transfer, was so easy and practicable, that any one may comprehend it by a moment's reflection, although not demonstrated by positive evidence. We think, moreover, that the former part is made very clear, by the facts which Mr. Howe has collected.

    In order to ascertain what disposition Spalding made of his manuscripts, he sent a messenger to look up said Spalding's widow, who still survived. From her it was ascertained that the family, after removing from Ohio, resided about two years in Pittsburgh, and subsequently went, to Amity, Pennsylvania, where the


     


    46                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    author died in 1816. His widow then removed to Onondaga county, New-York, married again, subsequently lived in Otsego county, and thence removed to Massachusetts, where she was found.

    She stated that Spalding had a great variety of MANUSCRIPTS, one of which she recollected was entitled, the "Manuscript Found." While they lived in Pittsburgh, it was taken, she believed, to the printing-office of Patterson and Lambdin, but whether it was ever brought back to the house again, she was quite uncertain. If it was, however, it must still be in a trunk with his other writings, which she had left in Otsego county, New-York.

    "The trunk, referred to by the widow, was subsequently examined, and found to contain only a single manuscript book, in Spalding's hand-writing, containing about one quire of paper. This is a romance, purporting to have been translated from the Latin, found on twenty-four rolls of parchment in a cave, on the banks of Conneaut creek, but written in modern style, and giving a fabulous account of a ship being driven upon the American coast, while proceeding from Rome to Britain, a short time previous to the Christian era, this country then being inhabited by the Indians, This old manuscript has been shown to several of the foregoing witnesses, who recognise it as Spalding's, he having told them that he had altered his first plan of writing, by going further back with dates, and writing in tie old Scripture style, in order that it might appear more ancient. They say that it bears no resemblance to the 'Manuscript Found.'"


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     47


    Recourse was now had to the firm of Patterson and Lambdin, in Pittsburgh; but here death had interposed a barrier to full inquiry.

    "That establishment was dissolved and broken up many years since, and Lambdin died about eight years ago. Mr. Patterson said he had no recollection of any such manuscript being brought there for publication, neither would he have been likely to have seen it, as the business of printing was conducted wholly by Lambdin at that time. He says, however, that many manuscript books and pamphlets were brought to the office about that time, which remained upon their shelves for years, without being printed, or even examined. Now, as Spalding's book can nowhere be found, or any thing heard of it after being carried to this establishment, there is the strongest presumption that it remained there in seclusion, till about the year 1823, or 1824, at which time Sidney Rigdon located himself in that city. We have been credibly informed that he was on terms of intimacy with Lambdin, being seen frequently in his shop. Rigdon resided in Pittsburgh about three years, and during the whole of that time, as he has since frequently asserted, abandoned preaching and all other employment, for the purpose of studying the Bible. He left there, and came into Geauga county, Ohio, about the time Lambdin died, and commenced preaching some new points of doctrine, which were afterward found to be inculcated in the Mormon Bible. He resided in this vicinity about four years previous to the appearance of the book, during which time he made several long visits to Pittsburgh, and perhaps to the Susquehannah, where Smith was then digging for money, or pretending to be translating plates. It may be observed, also, that about the time Rigdon left Pittsburgh, the


     


    48                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    Smith family began to talk about finding a book that would contain a history of the first inhabitants of America, and that two rears elapsed before they finally got possession of it.

    "We are, then, irresistibly led to this conclusion, that Lambdin, after having failed in business, had recourse to the old manuscripts then in his possession, in order to raise the wind, by a book speculation, and placed the 'Manuscript Found' of Spalding, in the hands of Rigdon, to be embellished, altered, and added to, as he might think expedient; and three years' study of the Bible we should deem little time enough to garble it, as it is transferred to the Mormon book. The former dying, left the latter the sole proprietor, who was obliged to resort to his wits, and in a miraculous way to bring it before the world; for in no other manner could such a book be published without great sacrifice. And where could a more suitable character be found than Jo Smith, whose necromantic fame, and arts of deception, had already extended to a considerable distance? That Lambdin was a person every way qualified and fitted for such an enterprise, we have the testimony of his partner in business, an others of his acquaintance. The whole mystery of this affair is solved by adding to these circumstances the facts, that Rigdon had prepared the minds, in a great measure, of nearly a hundred of those who had attended his ministration to be in readiness to embrace the first mysterious ism that should be presented -- the appearance of Cowdery at his residence as soon as the book was printed -- his sudden conversion, after many pretensions to disbelieve it -- his immediately repairing to the residence of Smith, three hundred miles distant, where he was forthwith appointed an elder, high-priest, and a scribe to the prophet -- the pretended vision that his residence in Ohio was the 'promised land,' and the immediate


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     49


    immediate removal of the whole Smith family thither, where they were soon raised from a state of poverty to comparative affluence."

     


    CHAPTER  IV.

    The Book of Mormon published -- Testimony of the witnesses -- Cross examination --
    Contents of the book.

    After the preceding exhibition of "means and appliances to boot," it appears in no way wonderful that the Mormon Bible at length issued from the press.

    Such, however, were the external and the internal evidences of its forgery, that the speculation could not be ventured without solemn certificates, averring it to be a REVELATION, communicated by angels, through the medium of certain plates having the appearance of gold. The title-page was embellished with this declaration: -- The Book of Mormon, &c., by Joseph Smith, Jr., AUTHOR AND PROPRIETOR, which was duly confirmed by a certificate of copyright, under the hand and seal of R. R. Lansing, clerk of the northern district of New-York. In flat contradiction to this claim of author and proprietorship, were the following testimonies at the conclusion.

    "The testimony of three witnesses. -- Be it known unto all nations, kindreds, tongues, and people, unto whom this work shall come, that we, through the grace of God the Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ,


     


    50                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    have seen the plates which contain this record, which is a record of the people of Nephi, and also of the Lamanites, their brethren, and also of the people of Jared, who came from the tower of which hath been spoken. And we also know that they have been translated by the gift and power of God, for his voice hath declared it unto us; wherefore we know of a surety that the work is true. And we also testify that we have seen the engravings which are upon the plates: and they have been shown unto us by the power of God, and not of man. And we declare, with words of soberness, that an angel of God came down from heaven, and he brought and laid before our eyes, that we beheld and saw the plates, and the engravings thereon; and we know that it is by the grace of God the Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ, that we beheld and bear record that these things are true; and it is marvelous in our eyes; nevertheless, the voice of the Lord commanded us that we should bear record of it; wherefore, to be obedient unto the commandments of God, we bear testimony of these things. And we know that if we are faithful in Christ, we shall rid our garments of the blood of all men, and be found spotless before the judgment-seat of Christ, and shall dwell with him eternally in the heavens. And the honour be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost, which is one God. Amen.
    "OLIVER COWDERY,
    "DAVID WHITMER,
    "MARTIN HARRIS,"
    "And also the testimony of eight witnesses. -- Be it known unto all nations, kindreds, tongues, and people, unto whom this work shall come: That Joseph Smith, Jr., the translator of this work, has shown unto us the plates of which hath been spoken, which have the appearance of gold; and as many of the leaves as the said Smith has translated we did handle


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     51


    with our hands; and we also saw the engravings thereon, all of which has the appearance of ancient work, and of curious workmanship. And this we bear record with words of soberness, that the said Smith has shown unto us, for we have seen and hefted, and know, of a surety that the said Smith has got the plates of which we have spoken. And we give our names unto the world, to witness unto the world that which we have seen; and we lie not, God bearing witness of it.

    "CHRISTIAN WHITMER,      
    "JACOB WHITMER,      
    "PETER WHITMER, JR.,      
    "JOHN WHITMER,      
    "HIRAM PAGE,      
    "JOSEPH SMITH, SEN.,      
    "HYRUM SMITH,      
    "SAMUEL H. SMITH."
    As these certificates constitute the entire evidence of the divine authenticity of the book in question, as they have oftehn been recited in large congregations, and as they are still appealed to in proof of the same, they deserve a patient examination.

    If we could for once suppose these individuals to have been honest, disinterested, and credible men, yet the vagueness and contradictoey nature of their statements would render their testimony exceedingly suspicious. Leaving out formal and deceptive redundancies, the whole of the testimony of three witnesses is reduced to these particulars: -- 1. We have seen the plates which contain this record.

    2. We know that they have been translated by


     


    52                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    the power of God. 3. Also we have seen the engravings which are upon the plates; and, 4. They have been shown unto us by the power of God, and not of man. 5. An angel of God came down from heaven and brought (what?) and laid before our eyes.

    On this we remark -- 1. That these men...

    (under construction)






     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     53


    certainty and plausibility.

    (under construction)






     


    54                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    and grammatical blunders we cannot pause to notice.

    (under construction)






     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     55


    known mental phenomenon

    (under construction)






     


    56                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    and is recommended

    (under construction)






     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     57


    THE  FIRST  BOOK  OF  NEPHI:

    (under construction)






     


    58                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    BOOK  OF  MOSIAH:

    (under construction)






     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     59


    also the prophecies of many holy prophets

    (under construction)






     


    60                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    Our own humble opinion is, that just as much correct knowledge and real information may be drawn from the above nondescript and heterogeneous medley of contents, as from a perusal of the entire volume of five hundred and seventy pages. But more anon.

     


    CHAPTER  V.

    P. P. Pratt makes his appearance in Ontario county -- He is forthwith converted and ordained -- Mission to the Lamanites -- Smith's wife constituted amanuensis -- Easy method of getting a revelation -- Lamanites found in Ohio -- Rigdon's conversion -- Pratt's denial of the contrivance examined.

    Before this ghostly work issued from the press, numbers were already on the qui vive for its reception. The term Golden Bible, which had been thrown out in the rumours set afloat respecting it, was too well adapted, both to the cupidity and the marvellousness of this money-making age, not to excite great expectations on the part of the ignorant and the fanatical.

    Nevertheless, it does not appear that many were added to the company of those primarily initiated, until after the principal seat of operations was transferred to Ohio. It is interesting to observe how miraculously this event was brought about. "It came to pass," not long after the publication of the Book of Mormon, that a man named Pratt, an intimate acquaintance of Sidney Rigdon, and a convert to his


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     61


    doctrines, made his appearance in the neighbourhood of the Smiths. This person, in a very short time, became a disciple of Mormonism, and a teacher of its dogmas. He was, indeed, so promising a convert, as almost immediately to deserve and receive a comission to proceed westward on a pretended mission to the Indians. This expedition was fitted out under the nominal direction of Oliver Cowdery, to whom the following was furnished by Smith.

    A  REVELATION  UNTO  OLIVER,  GIVEN  SEPTEMBER,  1830.

    "Behold I say unto you, Oliver, that it shall be given unto thee, that thou shalt be heard by the church, in all things whatsoever thou shalt teach them by the Comforter, concerning the revelations and commandments which I have given. But, verily, verily I say unto you, no one shall be appointed to receive commandments and revelations in the church, excepting my servant Joseph, for he receiveth them even as Moses, and thou shalt be obedient unto the things which I shall give unto him, even as Aaron, to declare faithfully the commandments and the revelations, with power and authority unto the church. And if thou art led at any time by the Comforter to speak or teach, or at all times by way of commandment unto the church, thou mayest do it; but thou shalt not write by way of commandment, but by wisdom: and thou shalt not command him who is at thy head, and at the head of the church; for I have given him the keys of the mysteries of the revelations which are sealed, until I shall appoint unto them another in his stead -- and now, behold I say unto you, that you shalt go unto the Lamanites, and preach my gospel unto them; and thou shalt have revelations, but write


     


    62                  MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     


    them not by way of commandment. And now I say unto you, that it is not revealed, and no man knoweth where the city shall be built, but it shall be given hereafter. Behold, I say unto you, that it shall be among the Lamanites. Thou shalt not leave this place until after the conference, and my servant Joseph shall be appointed to rule the conference by the voice of it; and what he saith to thee, that thou shalt tell. And again, thou shalt take thy brother Hiram between him and thee alone, and tell him that those things which he hath written from that stone are not of me, and that Satan deceiveth him, for behold these things have not been appointed unto him, either shall any thing be appointed unto any in this church, contrary to the church covenant, for all things must be done in order, and by commandment, by the prayer of faith, and thou shalt settle all these things before thou shalt take thy journey among the Lamanites; and it shall be given from the time, that thou shalt go, until the time thou shalt return, what thou shalt do; and thou must open thy mouth at all times declaring my gospel with the sound of rejoicing. Amen."


    The above document is chiefly remarkable, as being the first of a series of pretended revelations.

    It shows, moreover, 1. That migration westward was already anticipated. 2. The narrow-mindedness of Smith, who was growing jealous of rivalry, both from Cowdery and from his brother [sic] Hyrum, who found it no great task to do as Joseph had done, viz., to write things from "that stone," which were not of God. Jo assumes the pereogative of revelation for life, or at least ad libitum.


     


                     MORMONISM  AND  THE  MORMONS.                     63


    Cowdery had been the principal amanuensis hitherto, and having been a schoolmaster, it is presumed that his pedigogical talents found ample scope, as well in giving lessons to "the author." as in transcribing the book, since Smith's followers assured Mr. Howe that the prophet could not write his own name at the time he was "chosen of the Lord." Be that as it may, after two or three years' tution and practice he deemed himself qualified to proceed, without any further assistance in this department than that of his own better half. His idea of self-aggrandizement was now so expanded as to take in his family. Witness the following revelation, commanding his wife "not to work, but to be supported from the church."

    "A commandment to Emma, my daughter in Zion, A. D., 1830, -- A revelation I give unto you concerning my will. Behold, thy sins are forgiven thee, and thou art an elect lady, whom I have called. Murmur not because of the things which thou hast [sic] seen, for they are withheld from thee and from the world, which is wisdom in me in a time to come; and the office of thy calling shall be for a comfort unto my servant Joseph, thy husband, in his afflictions with consoling words, in the spirit of meekness; and thou shalt go with him at the time of his going, and be unto him for a scribe, that I may send Oliver whithersoever I will: and thou shalt be ordained under his hand to expound the Scriptures, and to exhort the church, according as it shall be given thee by my Spirit, for he shall lay his hand upon thee, and thou shalt receive the Holy Ghost, and thy time shall be given to writing, and to learning much; and thou


     


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    needest not fear, for thy husband shall support thee from the church, for unto them is his calling, that all things might be revealed unto them, whatsoever I will according to their faith; and verily I say unto thee, that thou shalt lay aside the things of this world, and seek for the things of a better; and it shall be given thee also to make a selection of sacred hymns, as it shall be given thee, which is pleasing unto me, to be had in my church: For my soul delights in the song of the heart, yea, the song of the righteous is a prayer unto me, and it shall be answered with a blessing upon their heads; wherefore lift up thy heart, and rejoice, and cleave unto the covenant which thou hast made. -- continue in the spirit of meekness -- let thy soul delight in thy husband, and the glory which shall come unto him -- keep my commandments continually, and a crown of righteousness thou shalt receive; and except thou do this, where I am you cannot come; and verily, verily I say unto you, that this is my voice unto all. Amen."

    It is stated, that from this time neither spectacles nor "peep-stone" were used in order to obtain a revelation, but, when one was wanted, it came to the prophet, who received and uttered the same with his eyes shut. A sufficient amount of faith to receive every thing thus uttered as directly and positively from God, was the prime condition of discipleship. In fact, the Mormons have always been taught, that to question or to doubt the divine authority of these communications, was to endanger their salvation.

    The mission extraordinary to the Lamanites at length started, composed of Cowdery, Pratt, Peterson, and Whitmer. Under the direction


     


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    of Pratt, they had no difficulty in calling on Rigdon by the way. Here they made a halt, and "professed to rejoice at finding a people walking according to the Scriptures."

    For Rigdon to have acknowledged them at once, would have been to develop the plot too soon. He must needs come into the light by degrees, if not miraculously; wherefore, on first reading the Mormon book, like a sensible man, he pronounced it "a silly fabrication."

    "Near the residence of Rigdon, in Kirtland, there had been, for some time previous, a few families belonging to his congregation, who had formed themselves into a common-stock society, and had become considerably fanatical, and were daily looking for some wonderful event to take place in the world. Their minds had become fully prepared to embrace Mormonism, or any other mysterious ism that should first present itself. Seventeen in number of these persons, readily believed the whole story of Cowdery, about the finding of the golden plates and the spectacles. They were all reimmersed, in one night, by Cowdery. At this, Rigdon seemed much displeased, and when the Mormons came, next day, to his house, he told them that what they had done was entirely without precedent or authority, from the Scriptures -- for they had immersed those persons that they might work miracles, as well as come under their new covenant -- showed them that the apostles baptized for the remission of sins, instead of miraculous gifts. But when pressed upon the point, they said it was done merely at the solicitation of those persons. Rigdon again called upon them for proofs of the truth of their book and mission; they then related the manner in which they obtained faith, which was by praying for a sign, and


     


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    an angel was showed unto them. Rigdon here showed from scripture the possibility of their being deceived; 'for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light.' 'But,' said Cowdery, 'do you think if I should go to my heavenly Father, with all sincerity, and pray to him in the name of Jesus Christ, that he would not show me an angel; that he would suffer Satan to deceive me?' Rigdon replied, 'If the heavenly Father has ever promised to show you an angel, to confirm anything, he would not suffer you to be deceived, for, says John, This is the confidence we have with him, if we ask things according to his will, he hearkens to us.' 'But,' he continued, 'if you should ask the heavenly Father to show you an angel, when he has never promised you such a thing, if the devil never had an opportunity of deceiving you before, you give him one now.'

    "However, about two days after this, Rigdon was persuaded to tempt God by asking this sign, which he knew to be contrary to his revealed will: he of course received a sign, and was convinced that Mormonism was true and divine. According to his own reasoning, therefore, the devil appeared to him as an angel of light; but he now imputed his former reasoning to pride, incredulity, and the influence of the evil one."

    Respecting the honesty of this pretended conversion, the reader is now prepared to judge, although additional light will be thrown upon it by subsequent facts. It is not claimed that we have any thing more than circumstantial evidence to prove it to have been part of a preconcerted scheme, but it is claimed that such a train of circumstances, as has been developed respecting this matter, utters a testimony infinitely


     


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    more credible than all that has been affirmed by the three witnesses, and the eight. Their story could easily have been fabricated. Mere accident, on the other hand, could never have linked together such peculiar circumstances. They are so manifest, indeed, that the most studied caution seems to have been in vain used to mask the duplicity of the transaction. The only attempt we have seen to show this view of the affair incorrect, is from the pen of P. P. Pratt himself, who certainly ought to be able to show the falsehood of what he calls "the Spalding lie," if a lie it be. We subjoin his own words: -- "For the sake of the honest in heart, who love the truth, I here offer my testimony on this subject, as I was a personal actor in the scenes which brought S. Rigdon into an accluaintance with the Book of Mormon, and into connection with the church of Latter-day Saints." He here proceeds to narrate the circumstances in which he first became acquainted with Rigdon, and a believer in, and a teacher of, the same doctrine -- Campbellism.

    "Alter proclaiming those principles in my own neighbourhood, and the adjoining country, I at length took a journey to the state of New-York, partly on a visit to Colambia county, and partly for the purpose of administering the word. This journey was undertaken in Aug., 1830. I had no sooner reached Ontario county, than I came in contact with the Book of Mormon, which had then been published about six months, and had gathered about fifty disciples,


     


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    which were all that then constituted the Church of the Latter Day Saints. (That name was not adopted till some years after.) I was greatly prejudiced against the book, but remembering the caution of Paul, 'Prove all things and hold fast that which is good,' I sat down to read it; and after carefully comparing it with the other Scriptures, and praying to God, he gave me the knowledge of its truth, by the power of the Holy Ghost; and what was I, that I should withstand God? I accordingly obeyed the ordinances, and was commissioned by revelation; and the laying of hands to preach the fulness of the gospel. Then, after finishing my visit to Columbia county, I returned to the brethren in Ontario county, when, for the first time, I saw Mr. Joseph Smith, Jr., who had just returned from Pennsylvania, to his father's house, in Manchester. About the 15th of October, 1830, I took my journey, in company with Elder O. Cowdery, and Peter Whitmer, to Ohio. We called on Elder S. Rigdon, and then for the first time, his eyes beheld the Book of Mormon. I myself had the happiness to present it to him in person. (!) He was much surprised, and it was with much persuasion and argument, that he was prevailed on to read it, and after he had read it." * * * * *

    "Now I testify that the forgers of the Spalding lie (concerning S. Rigdon and others) are of the same description as those who forged the lie against the disciples of old, accusing them of stealing the body of Jesus. And those who


     


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    love this lie, are no better; and except they repent they will