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Later Sources
Relating to the life & works of W. W. Phelps



Early Sources  |  1870-1899  |  1900-1959  |  1960-1989  |  1990-1999  |  2000-present



 
1870's to 1899: Various Items

"100 Years" '70  |  "Appletons" '88
continue to 1900s -- return to top of the page




Hundert Jahre, Heinrich Albert Opperman (Germany, 1870)


Book Eight.

Chapter Twelve.


The Port of the Cunning one.

March 3, 1852 (Great Salt lake City)            
...You will remember a student who was known at that time in Göttingen under the name of "Urbonzen?" The same face was marked by an unusually large nose, his thin body shivering in a long baggy trousers and a black tailcoat with a scraped swallowtails, which reached to the ground.... He had then a quarrel with Professor Ewald manufactured over some of the Prophets and a polemic against this, to which he vainly sought a publisher or printer, and which he read aloud to anyone who wanted to hear it...

Well, there is something behind all this, because without "Urbonzen" I would have a hard time writing you this letter.. "Urbonzen" is here -- he is the Mormon Apostle Phelps. I recognize him by his enormous nose... which one could call a gem, because it shines like the most beautiful ruby... The Quorum of the Apostles does not prevent Phelps from having a vineyard and keeping a wine-shop, in which I and my staff meet daily. He has introduced me (over a glass of homemade Capweins that thrives here admirably) into the depths of Mormon metaphysics. Listen, if you do not find well-known reminiscences of old and new.

"The human spirit is not created," he teaches, "He was from eternity to eternity, an individual, in God. Each of these spirit-individuals has the power to descend to the earth and by assuming a body to acquire greater glory to join with Nature. Animated, spiritualized matter, penetrates the mind -- death does not destroy it, but it differs from the mortal body, when the laws of Nature determine it so, but it will return to God to gain a new body.

"If a higher spirit from heaven does not seek his divine destiny and mission in life, he will not have it in the judgment -- he squandered his inheritance, rather, by bad performance, so after the death of his body, it receives a lesser temple. But his mind does not remain in himself, he does not remember its divine origin, it is increasingly being recycled into a low life among the human race, until he gets better and degree by degrees grows back to the glory of the children of God."...

I do not want bother you with a continuation of the wisdom that Phelps preaches. There are always a few reasonable thoughts, just as gold grains can be found in sand piles. The Mormon doctrine is much worse and stupider than ours (which is saying a lot), a mixture of Judaic offspring, namely, Christianity, Mohammedanism, and Freemasonry, with all sorts of the crazy accretions of a true Yankee, who wants to make a profit for himself and his priesthood. The whole course is based on divine revelation, but luckily for the Mormons this is left unfinished: God revealation of Himself to the Priesthood (the orders of Melchizedek and Aaron) is still ongoing, since it can easily create a new Mormon Bible with the help of our "Urbonzen" and his students....

Our "Urbonzen"... has only four wives, two of whom live in a peculiar apartment. The first is forty, the next thirty-two, the next twenty-three, and the last, to whom Phelps was recently sealed, is only eighteen years old. The first two live in a home of winemakers, two miles from Salt Lake City. When I asked him about the faithfulness of his women, he replied with emotion: "Here all the women are equally faithful to the man, who treats them equally well, and I am anxious to do just that."

We argued recently with these saints, in the wine bar... We claimed: "Without monogamy there is no family, and thus no education." Our opponents replied, "We are a large family of saints" At last came Phelps, a glass of Constantia in hand, with a sophistry that I would not have believed him capable of.

He called all of us, Saints and Gentiles, and introduced the question: "Do you believe in immortality?" As I had replied in the affirmative, he asked: "Are you married?" When I had also affirmed this, he asked, "If your wife were to die, would your priest not allow you a second, and even if these were dead, to marry a third?" "Certainly." I said. "Well, then at the last day you would enter the kingdom of heaven with three women -- so, if in heaven God permits polygamy, why not on earth?"


Note: Heinrich A. Opperman was a German Freemason who in 1870 published a nine-volume novel, Hundert Jahre: 1770-1870. Among other fictional adventures related in "Book Eight," Opperman tells the story of three German travelers, writing about their experiences in Great Salt Lake City. The travelers credit Freemasonry as one of the sources for the Mormon religion, and seem to imply that "Apostle" W. W. Phelps had some role in the development of Mormon doctrine. The novel's fictional writer was not necessarily asserting that the German "Urbonzen" was the same person as the American Mormon, but that the two men were philosophically linked, as fellow students of Gottingen's Karl Christian Friedrich Krause (a prominent Masonic scholar). There is no reason to conclude that the real W. W. Phelps (who only advanced to the third degree of "blue lodge" Masonry before leaving the Craft) was ever a disciple of the European "Higher Orders" of Freemasonry.



 


1888 Biographical Entry for W. W. Phelps

From: Appleton's Cyclopaedia of American Biography (1888, 1894)


PHELPS, William Wines, Mormon elder, born in Hanover, Morris County, New Jersey, 17 February, 1792; died in Salt Lake City, Utah, 7 March, 1872. He was self-educated, but acquired a large amount of miscellaneous information, and became a good oriental scholar. He edited the "Ontario Phenix" in Canandaigua, New York, in 1820, and, removing to Missouri, established the first morning paper at Independence, Missouri, in 1832. He adopted the Mormon religion, emigrated to Utah, and became an active member of that sect. He was in the Utah legislature in 1850-'7, speaker of the house for several terms, and a justice of the peace. He became "Astronomer, astrologist, and almanac-maker" for his sect, and was the author of the forty signs of the "Deseret Alphabet." He also wrote some of the most popular hymns in the Mormon hymn-book.






1900 to 1959: Various Items

"Deseret News" '00  |  "Early Letters" '40  |  "Letters of Faith" '42
"Deseret News" '50-52  |  "Versatile Phelps" '58
continue to 1960s -- return to top of the page





OLD SALT LAKERS.
WILLIAM W. PHELPS.

Deseret Evening News, May 26, 1900
A new generation has grown up since William W. Phelps passed away, but as long as his familiar hymns continue to be sung his memory will be be kept green. He passed away in this city on March 7, 1872. He was the the editor of the Evening and Morning Star, published at Independence, Missouri, in 1833, and devoted expressly to the principles of the Gospel, and as his his many hymns indicate, he was possessed of high literary and poetic talents. Perhaps not many of the generation today which sings the verses he wrote are aware that he is the author of such familiar hymns as "The Spirit of God Like a Fire is Burning," "Redeemer of Israel," "To Him Who Made the World," "The Towers of Zion Soon Shall Rise," "Praise to the Man Who Communed with Jehovah," Now Let Us Rejoice in the Day of Salvation," "Glorious Things are Sung of Zion," "Come all Ye Sons of Zion," and many others equally familiar. His full name was William Wines Phelps, and he was born at Hanover, Morris county, N. J., on February 17, 1792.


He was baptized a member of the Church in 1831 and passed through all the exciting experiences of the early persecutions in Missouri, the printing ofllce in his charge being destroyed and the press and type ruined by a mob at Independence, Missouri, in 1833. He was intimately associated with the Prophet Joseph, and served as his amnuensis for a long time. During the Missouri persecutions, he for a time left the Church, but later rejoined and remained a member till his death. He came came to Utah with one on of the earlypioneer companles and continued to reside here until the time of his death. He was a familiar figure on the streets to the last generation and was closely associated with many of the leaders of the Church.









"Some Early Letters of
William W. Phelps
"
Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine Jan. 1940

We are fortunate in being able to print in this issue copies of some letters over one hundred years old, written from Kirtland, Ohio, by William W. Phelps to his wife Sally (Waterman) Phelps, then in Missouri. There she had remained in charge of home affairs, while he performed the duties to which he had been called in Kirtland.

These letters give a delightfully intimate glimpse of what was in the mind and heart of William W. Phelps during those fateful days while the temple at Kirtland was being built, and graphically portray their daily routine and living conditions. The notes enclosed with the first letter were signed by Oliver Cowdery, a prominent leader in the early days of the Church.

The author of the letters, William Wines Phelps, was born February 17, 1792, at Hanover, Morris Co., New Jersey. He was the son of Enon·8 Phelps (Elijah·7, Noah·6, Timothy·5, Timothy·4, William·3, William·2, James·1) and Mehitable Goldsmith. Early in life he was a candidate for the office of Lieutenant-Governor of New York. He was baptized into the Church in June, 1831, and undertook a mission to Jackson County, Missouri, where he located as a printer, and published a monthly paper, "The Evening and Morning Star," the first number of which appeared in June, 1832. While he was attending to his duties at the printing office, on July 20, a mob attacked his house, which contained the printing equipment, and pulled it partly down, seized the printing materials, destroyed many papers, and threw his family and furniture out of doors. Again on July 23, the mob renewed their depredations, and William W. Phelps and others offered themselves as a ransom for the Saints, being willing to be scourged, or to die, if that would appease the anger of the mob. The mob would not accept this sacrifice, however, but continued to utter threats of violence against the whole Church.

This persecution culminated in the Saints being driven from their homes in Jackson County, in November, 1833. Mob leaders warned Brother Phelps and others to flee for their lives, or they would be killed. Despite repeated appeals, which Elder Phelps helped to frame, to the Governor of Missouri, and to the President of the United States, no protection or redress was ever given them.

When the exiled Saints in Clay County were organized into a Stake, David Whitmer was chosen President, with William W. Phelps and John Whitmer as Counselors. He took a prominent part in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the Saints in Missouri. In the early part of 1835 he and his son Waterman were called to Kirtland, where they made their home with the family of the Prophet Joseph Smith, and assisted a committee appointed to compile the "Book of Doctrine and Covenants." About this time Elder Phelps subscribed $500 toward the erection of the Kirtland Temple. When the Church purchased the Egyptian mummies and papyrus from Michael H. Chandler in 1835, William W. Phelps served as one of the scribes in the translation by Joseph Smith of the "Book of Abraham."

It was at this period that the letters to follow were written. William W. Phelps married, April 28, 1815, at Smyrna, Chenango County, New York, Sally Waterman. Just recently there issued from the press Volume I of "The Waterman Family," by Donald Lines Jacobus. This shows her as a daughter of David Basset·6 Waterman (Flavius·5, Ebenezer·4, Thomas·3, Thomas·2, Robert·1) and Jerusha Case (daughter of Roger and Molly (Owen) Case), and her date of birth as July 24, 1797. Among their children were William Waterman, Sabrina, Mehitabel and Lydia, mentioned in the letters.

The heading of the first letter is missing....

(remainder not transcribed, due to copyright restrictions)








 LETTERS OF FAITH FROM
KIRTLAND

By Leah Y. Phelps


Improvement Era August 1942
Contents © 1942 by LDS Church
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)
During 1835 and the early part of 1836, the Saints were bending every effort toward the completion of the Kirtland Temple. Many of the brethren left their homes and families and came to Kirtland to assist in completing the House of the Lord. Among others was William W. Phelps. At that time he was the father of seven living children ranging in age from nineteen years to three months; their home was near Liberty, Clay County, Missouri. Brother Phelps took with him their eldest son, William Waterman Phelps (then twelve years of age) also to assist in building the temple. His wife, Sally Waterman Phelps, and the other children were left alone for nearly a year. During his absence Brother Phelps frequently wrote to his family and many of his letters have been preserved. They graphically portray the courage and faith of the Saints during those trying times.

Among the letters addressed to Sally Phelps is one from the Prophet Joseph Smith written at Kirtland Mills and dated July 19 (1835), which is shown in the accompanying photograph. The address and date are written on back of the letter, with a red notation (evidently made by the mail carrier) "paid 25."

At the same time William W. Phelps wrote to his wife, and we copy below excerpts from this letter:

Kirtland, Ohio          
July 19 and 20, 1835          
Beloved Sally:
       Last evening we received your first letter after an absence of twelve weeks and twelve hours. Our tears of joy were the witness of its welcome reception. By these things we learn the value of each other's society and company, and friendship, and virtue. Taking the letter altogether, with all its candor and information and remembered names, it is, by all who have read it, called a very good one. Brother Joseph remarked that it was as easy to shed tears while reading that letter as it was when reading the History of Joseph in Egypt. * * *

My affection for you and my children grows very fast. I mean it grows purer and more ardent. I want you to send for Elder Calvin Beebe as soon as you receive this and have Sarah baptized. [He acknowledges letters from the two older girls, Sabrina and Mehitabel and then continues]: Sarah, Henry, James and Lydia -- I must wait to see them a good while yet. They have my tears and mother's smiles till I come, with the blessings of the Lord. * * * I hope and pray that the children will be diligent and learn well this summer.

You say the roof of the house leaks; I have written to have another good roof put on over the one now on. You can get 12 penny nails out of the goods at Bro. Corrill's; and anything else that you actually need that is among those goods, get and use and I will settle the matter. * * * I was sorry to hear that the cupboard fell down because I forgot to nail it, but now it is so. If there is not crockery enough at Bro. Corrill's, go to Liberty and replenish it. * * *

I rejoice that that little branch of the Church had the Spirit of God to reject the temptations of Satan. The Lord will remember their constancy. Teacher Music [could possibly be Samuel Musick] is right that you need our prayers and we need yours, for by faith and prayer and every good word and work, we can enter into the joys of our Lord. * * *

I am much pleased that Elder Peter Whitmer stept forth to vindicate the cause of the Saints; God will bless him for all such noble acts. He that will do good can do it without a commandment. The fact is, the Saints must work righteousness. * * *

The Elders are mostly out a preaching. Elder Corrill, Newel Knight and Elias Higbee work upon the House of the Lord. Elder Emett goes to school. Elder Morris Phelps and Priest Duncan arrived last week. We have just learned that Bishop Partridge and Elder Morley are back. * * *

The last of June four Egyptian mummies were brought here; there were two papyrus rolls, besides some other ancient Egyptian writings with them. As no one could translate these writings, they were presented to President Smith. He soon knew what they were and said they, the "rolls of papyrus," contained the sacred record kept of Joseph in Pharaoh's Court in Egypt, and the teachings of Father Abraham. God has so ordered it that these mummies and writings have been brought in the Church, and the sacred writing I had just locked up in Brother Joseph's house when your letter came, so I had two consolations of good things in one day. These records of old times, when we translate and print them in a book, will make a good witness for the Book of Mormon. There is nothing secret or hidden that shall not be revealed, and they come to the Saints. . . .
        Forever yours,
                      W. W. Phelps








 A CENTURY OF SERVICE
------------------------ The Saga of The Deseret News

--------------------- By WENDELL J. ASHTON

Improvement Era June 1950
Contents © 1950 by LDS Church
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)
At fifty-five William Wines Phelps was considered an old man at Winter Quarters. [Journal History, April 1, 1847] Perhaps that was one of the reasons he was not trekking along the trail to the Rocky Mountains with Brigham Young's first company of Mormon Pioneers in the spring of 1847. Generally they were young men in that group of stouthearted, high-booted stalwarts seeking a new home for the driven Saints. Their average age was little more than thirty, not counting the two boys and three women who made the journey.

William W. Phelps remained with the little cluster of log huts, tents, wagon tops, and dugouts along the greening banks of the Missouri. But he did not stay long. He had a mission to perform. The call had come from President Young of the Council of the Twelve and his associates. It was a mighty mission. Only a few days before the first company of Pioneers had rolled away from Winter Quarters, Brother Phelps had been asked to go in the opposite direction, to the East. He was to obtain a printing press, type, paper, ink, and other supplies to be taken "over the mountains to the Salt Lake City." [Diary of William J. Appleby, July 27, 1847]


Such a call was not new to William W. Phelps. About fifteen years before, the Prophet Joseph Smith had asked him to purchase a press in Cincinnati for the Saints. This William Phelps had done, and with the press he had established the first printing office of the Latter-day Saints. It was situated in Independence, Missouri, and with that press Brother Phelps had published the first periodical of the Church in this dispensation. It was called The Evening And The Morning Star.

Thus while the first company of Pioneers wagoned west, William Phelps moved eastward in search of a press. Before he could buy it, he needed to find the means for the purchase. He carried with him two letters of introduction, signed by both President Young and Willard Richards, an Apostle and also clerk of the Council of the Twelve. One of the notes, addressed to Saints in the East, said in part
This people cannot live without intelligence, for it is through obedience to the principle they are to receive their exaltation; and if the intelligence cannot be had, justice has no claim on obedience, and their exaltation must be decreased. This principle is sufficient to show you the importance of using all diligence in helping Elder Phelps to bring us the materials, whereby we can furnish our children with books, and the Saints with new things to feast the soul. [Journal History, April 1, 1847]
With the help of the Saints in the Eastern States, William Phelps obtained the means, and in Boston he purchased the press. [Diary of William J. Appleby, summer, 1847]

In a way that was the beginning of The Deseret News, the Church newspaper, which on June 15 observes the hundredth anniversary of its first publication.

Brother Phelps purchased the press in 1847. But it did not really clank into motion in the mountains until almost three years later. He returned to Winter Quarters from the East in the fall of 1847, twelve days after President Young arrived there from his first journey to Salt Lake Valley. It was the plan of the brethren for President Young to take the printing equipment with him on his second journey to the mountains, the following year. But the press did not go with him.... The printing equipment arrived in the valley in the fall of 1849...

(remainder not transcribed, due to copyright restrictions)










The Versatile W. W. Phelps --
Mormon Writer, Educator,
and Pioneer

---
Walter Dean Bowen (1931-     )
BYU, August, 1958
Contents © 1958 by Brigham Young University
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)
(under construction)






1960 to 1989: Various Items

"George A. Smith" '62  |  "Funeral Sermon" '83
continue to 1990s -- return to top of the page





Ancestry, Biography and
Family of George A. Smith
Compiled by his Granddaughter
Zora Smith Jarvis
---
BYU Press, 1962
Contents © 1962 by Brigham Young University
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)



86 Solicit Funds for Temple and Nauvoo House - 1843.


..."On May 13, George A. Smith and Wilford Woodruff accompanied the Prophet Joseph on a short journey to the nearby settlement of Yelrome, where a conference was held with the Saints the following day. On their return journey, two days later, this interesting incident occurred, as related by George A.:

"Monday, May 15 -- At noon, we stopped at the house of a Mr. McMahon, (a notorious anti- Mormon) at Green Plains and waited some time for Mac to come in. While waiting, Joseph and myself spent the the time in conversation, on the grass plot south of Mac's home.



George    87.

"Joseph asked my opinion of W. W. Phelps as an editor. I told him I considered Phelps the sixth part of an editor -- that was the satirist. When it comes to cool discretion necessarily intrusted to an editor in control of public opinion, the soothing of enmity, he was deficient, and would always make more enemies than friends. But for my part, if I were able, I would always be willing, to pay Phelps for editing a paper, provided nobody else should have the privilege of reading it but myself.

"Joseph laughed heartily and said I had the thing just right. Said he, 'Brother Phelps makes such severe use of language, as to make enemies all the time. ' At the close of our conversation, Joseph wrapped his arms around me and squeezed me to his bosom and said: 'George A., I love you, as I do my own life.' I felt so affected I could hardly speak, but replied, 'I hope. Brother Joseph, that my whole life and actions will ever prove my feelings and the depth of my affection towards you.'"

On June 1, 1843, the Prophet Joseph presented George A. with a letter of recommendation, as the time was fast approaching for him to depart for his eastern mission....

(remainder not copied, due to copyright restrictions)


Note: This "opinion" of William W. Phelps "as an editor," preserved in Apostle George A. Smith's private journal was first published in the Salt Lake City Deseret News of Sept. 24, 1856. It was reprinted in the Liverpool Millennial Star of Feb. 12, 1859. This reminiscence was evidently a reconstruction of an 1843 journal entry, with the Apostle's copy being finalized during the late 1840s or very early 1850s, after the Mormons has relocated to Utah Territory.


While it should not be read as a reliable contemporary record of a May 15, 1843 conversation, there is good reason to conclude that Phelps (then living in Salt Lake City and an active member of the Mormon hierarchy) would have agreed with the old report. Also, Phelps could have added a great deal of eye witness information to the official 1850s publication of early Latter Day Saint history, had he been "intrusted" to exhibit the necessary "discretion" for such a contribution -- but he was not.


 





"The Joseph/Hyrum Smith Funeral Sermon"
---
Richard Van Wagoner & Steven C. Walker
BYU Studies Winter 1983
Contents © 1983 by Brigham Young University
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)

As the hearse bearing the "bodies" of Joseph and Hyrum Smith (actually sandbagged coffins) passed the Nauvoo meeting ground the afternoon of Saturday, 29 June 1844, "William W. Phelps was preaching the funeral sermon."


The choice of Phelps as eulogist to the Prophet and the Patriarch is strange, the content of his sermon stranger, the tone of that sermon strangest of all.... A look at the character of the man himself may provide some understanding of the surprisingly incendiary tone of Phelps's funeral sermon....

In 1849, Brother Phelps assisted in drafting the constitution of the "State of Deseret." Two years later, he served as "topographic engineer" with Parley P. Pratt’s exploring expedition to the south to "study the land for the site of possible settlements and for a road toward the sea." That same year, he was sworn into office as "Councillor and attorney at law and solicitor in chauncery," became superintendent of Meteorological Observations of the Territory of Deseret, began furnishing the Deseret News with weather and astronomical information, and was named Speaker of the House of Representatives of Deseret Territory.

Despite his Church prominence, W. W. Phelps was excommunicated by both Presidents Brigham Young and Joseph Smith. Prior to official Church acceptance of plural marriage in 1852, Phelps, while in the eastern United States to obtain a printing press, "got some new ideas into three young women [and] they consented to become his wives." Apparently he had not previously cleared these marriages with Church officials, and by the vote of the Quorum of the Twelve on 6 December 1847 he was "cut off from the church for violating the Laws of the Priesthood in having women that do not belong to him [and] committing adultery with them."...

When, in the Church Archives, we came upon Phelps's 1855 recollection of the funeral sermon and realized it had never before been published, we thought it best to present it in its entirety both for its dramatization of the ambivalence of feelings in Nauvoo toward avenging the Martyrdom and for its intrinsic interest. Whether or not this sermon he wrote in 1855 was made from a copy of his original speech or whether he rewrote it from notes or memory is not possible to determine at this time....

(remainder not copied, due to copyright restrictions)




The Funeral Sermon
(transcription notations removed)

For the occasion of the martyrdom of Joseph Smith the prophet and Hyrum Smith the patriarch, who were shot by a christian mob, in Carthage Jail, June 27, 1844 -- Delivered in Nauvoo on Saturday the 29 following by W. W. Phelps.

Revelation chap. 14, v. 13: -- (corrected from the Greek) "and I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, write; congratulate the dead that die in the Lord from this time, verily says the spirit, for they can rest from their labors, and their works shall follow them."

Saints and Sinners, thus said John on the Isle of Patmos, and thus say I in Nauvoo. Two of the greatest and best men, who have lived on the earth, who have lived on the earth, since the Jews crucified the Savior, have fallen victims to the popular will of mobocracy in this boasted "Asylum of the oppressed" -- the only far-famed realms of liberty -- or freedom, on the globe; and the sword of justice, that ought to glitter with vengeance to repel such an insult to humanity -- and the rich boon of life, and the free pursuit of happiness, hangs in the closet; and the stately robes of judgment that might clothe the sons of freemen with "brief" authority to wipe off the stain of innocent blood shed by a philistine clergy and hypocritical people, from our national escutcheon, hangs there too; and there they will hang till Jehovah comes out [of] his hiding place and vexes the nations with a sore vexation: -- for, righteously speaking, this people are lingering with the consumption, like Seamen with the scurvy on board a cruiser 7 years out and the Demagogue sharks are gliding after, in the wake, to swallow their victims, as soon as they drop from the plank to the sea. So passes the world in wickedness.

Joseph Smith was the first apostle and seer that held the priesthood of God, and promulgated the fullness of the everlasting gospel, since this church was driven into the wilderness, after the old apostles fell asleep: and the seed of the wicked one, schooled in corruption, and led by the spirits of the damned, in this instance before us, has done to our brethren what Cain did to Abel, killed the body to stop the power of the holy priesthood on earth; showing the wise that Satan and his followers fear and dread a channel of communication between God and men. These holy men, like Abel, like the ancient prophets; like Jesus, have not been slain for any evil done; oh no! but because they told the truth, chastened the ungodly in their sins, and offered salvation free, with works meet for the kingdom of God. We can rejoice at savage affliction, however, and congratulate our prophet and patriarch, that they have died [in] the Lord, and the spirit says they can rest from their labors and their works will follow them, while their persecutors, and this nation, and the ungodly of every nation, will wax worse and worse, till their cup of iniquity runs over, and they meet the blaze of Jehovah's zeal and melt and burn up like pitch in the fire.

If I mistake not, Joseph Smith has been draged into courts, to answer Christian convenience, and country custom, and satisfy the demands of the "elect" who hold a "little brief authority," about fifty times; and he always came out of these gentile furnaces without the smell of fire from his garments: and what is most lovely and Jesus like, he never returned the compliment to fret the gizzard of this whole Cain-spirited race. In fact, the priest and deacons, in Wayne county N.Y., tried their best to have him indicted for blasphemy, when he commenced the translation of the book of Mormon, where some of the sacerdotal highway-men actually swore that Joseph was a conjurer, and was engaged in writing a religious Book to revive the house of Israel according to the prophets, as it was in old times. And not a few of the order of saint Satan after a bill of indictment was refused by the better sense of some wellwishing unbelievers in the then Christian arts, declared publickly that Jo Smith would have to stop his calculations about gathering Israel, that pestered the world too much in old times; and as to any more revelation or visits from angels -- neither were needed, as the present generation were so much enlightened, it was nonsense to suppose God would have to teach a college bred Clergy. "False prophets were to arise: Beware"!

Well, the rule is, by their fruits ye shall know them; Do men gather grapes from thorns; or figs from thistles? what good deeds have followed the Christian exertions over the globe; with their bible societies, mite societies, missionary societies, and a wealthy well divided retinue of Doctors of divinity to go with purse and [scrip] from sea to sea, and from land to land? Judge a righteous Judgment and open the doors of refinement in this secret of hypocrisy, debauchery and luxury, and open the curtain aside from the heathen in their blindness, degradation and misery, and with Jehovah you may say, from the heathen in their blindness, degradation and misery, and with you may say, "There is none that does good; no; not one." But when this gospel, which our Elders preach, goes, God goes with it, and the hireling clergy of the present generation, like a "Jack o'lanterns," is only visible at a distance, hurrying or hovering over marshes and fens in the dark. Men and women believe; obey the ordinances, speak with tongues, gather and begin to walk by faith, waiting for a more perfect day of glory; and come from where they may, and be they of what tongue, kindred or people that is -- they all believe in one faith, one baptism, one god and Father; and more still, in one prophet, one kingdom, and one union, which so wonderfully causes a part of all, both great [and] small to seek and find; knock and the door of heaven opens, and pray and the gifts and blessing, as they ever were, where the righteousness of the saints exceeded the false pretenses of much religion, are showered down like the dew upon grass, and the latter day saint, has only to raise his hands in the fulness of his eyes seeing, and heartfelt gratitude, and exclaim -- O God thou art merciful to me, a sinner! Keep me from evil, and help me to do thy will.

Joseph has gone to his royal kindred in paradise, from whom the keys, the power, and the mystery came, for the use and benefit of mortal and immortal beings; and remember, beloved friends, that while he lived here upon the earth, he conferred all the keys and blessings of the priesthood, and Endowments, upon the apostles and others, that are needed for the gathering of Israel; for our washings and anointings, and sealings and adoptions and for sanctification and Exaltation, or for bringing up our dead from among the spirits in prison: so when the temple is made ready for the holy work: so we can go on from birth to age; from life to lives; and from world to heaven; and from heaven to eternity; and from eternity to ceaseless progression; and in the midst of all these changes; we can pass from scene to scene; from joy to joy; from glory to glory; from wisdom to wisdom; from system to system; from god to god, and from one perfection to another, while eternities go and eternities come, and yet there is room for the curtains of endless progression are stretched out still and a god is there to go ahead with improvements.

Be assured, brethren and sisters, this desperate "smite" of our foes to stop the onward course of Mormonism, will increase its spread and rapidity an hundred fold: The bodies of our brethren are marred, by physical force; because the flesh was weak; and the but the priesthood remains unharmed -- that is eternal without [beginning] of days or end of years; and the "Twelve," (mostly now absent) are clothed with it, as well as others, and when they return, they will wear the "mantle" and step into the "shoes" of the "prophet, priest and king" of Israel: and then with the same power, the same God, and the same spirit that caused Joseph to move the cause of Zion with mighty power will qualify them to roll on the work until all Israel is gathered, and the wicked swept from the earth; The same spirit lights the saints; the same truth magnifies the promises; the same virtue exalts the meek, and the same cases hastens the same events for joy; so that I may say with the poet: -- Mormonism --
Warms in the sun; refreshes in the breeze;
  "Glows in the stars; and blossoms in the trees;
Lives through all life; extends through all extent;
  Spreads undivided, and operates unspent.
Anciently, as well as now, weak minded persons supposed that prophets and saints suffered death or trouble for their sins. I wish to correct this notion. The righteous are undoubtedly removed from evils to come by death; and chastened to learn the love of their father for their eternal welfare, but with a few questions and answers, I think friendship and punishment, and good and evil, will exhibit their own characters; so, let me ask -- Was Joseph Smith the friend of gamblers, drunkards, robbers, fornicators, adulterers, liars and hypocrites? No; read his life from Vermont to Carthage Jail, and [every] line and every act, shines with virtuous principles, and words of wisdom, that warms this heart with a god like sensation that he labored like the angels with Sodom and Gomorrah, to save this generation from the "fire shower of rain."

Did Joseph ever grind the face of the poor, or intermingle with the wicked to ridicule the worship of God whether it related to the highest or heathen [rites of] religion, as practiced in America, Europe Asia, or Africa? Not he; The revelations he brought forth are everlasting witnesses that he, like the savior, came not "to eat drink and be marry, for tomorrow we die," but to point out the way of life, and call upon all men, to repent and be saved.

Can the political pioneers of the day who are exploring every state, nook, river, mountain, plain, and ravine, for the elect's sake, and (may be) for "the [loaves] and fishs," where with all to satisfy the cravings of nature; can one of them point to the time and place when he sought powers for political purposes -- for self aggrandizement? Never; as Lieutenant general of the Nauvoo Legion, he was a saint in Epaulettes and prayed as devoutly to the Captain of his salvation, as the Captain and great High priest of this whole world prayed to his Father in the garden of Gethsemane, where he sweat blood for the folly of Jerusalem. As mayor of Nauvoo, he magnified the law and made it honorable for saint and sinner; he knew what was right and did it, independent of consequences -- with a "Thus saith the Lord."

Like the sun in his meridian splendor, Joseph Smith shown a full man, at home, among his friends, in the fields, on the bench, or before the world; a pattern parent; a worthy friend; a model general; a righteous judge, and the wisest man of the age, sustained by truth, and "God was his right hand man." Surely, as one of the holy ones commissioned by his father among the royal seventy, when the high council of heaven set them apart to come down and "multiply and replenish this earth," he was the "last," and who knows but the "greatest," for he declared -- we -- knew not who he was! So, I may say, as the last is to be first, and the first last in eternal rotation, that Joseph Smith, who was Gazelem in the spirit world, was, and is, and will be in the endless progress of Eternity: -- the Prince of Light.

'Tis so, and who can dispute it? Where ever he reasoned on the old prophets, his words lit up a sacred flame, in the heart of the saint that showed an ocean of existence, unexplored by the vain philosophy of the world; when he poured out his eloquence, the gentile, on the reserved rights of all fools, declared I would rather go to hell than believe that imposter -- and who cannot but say, amen! go and when he spoke of men, he read their history and secrets from their own hearts, without trying the patience of Job, or wasting the life time of Methuseleh, to hunt excuses to cover their sins: what he knew came natural; without going to Solomon to understand wisdom; or plodding through Blackstone19 to learn what constituted the first principle of right; or reading a half a world full of [religious] novels to arrive at the purity of virtue; he quoted the finer sentiments of morals, divinity, legislation, and laws, with strictest rules of society and etiquette, as if he had learned them in his mother's lap; and though they were original with him, they were always correct. He was a man of God.

Nor were these the only gems that shined from his celestialized mind; he seemed to have been educated among the sons of God, where the "morning stars" sang together, and could weigh or describe consequences, materiality, kingdoms, and their inhabitants, with a familiarity as simple as a farmer's boy would describe his father's orchard: The present light of the sun, said he, came from the "clouds of heaven," which surrounded it; when they came away with the savior, to fulfill his second coming, the sun will be, darkened and all flesh, that remains, will see it -- and, the [veil] which is now spread on all nations, being removed, we, the saints, will see as we are seen, and know as we are known; and Zion, being gathered as the best of saints from many creations, will hold a grand jubilee, of prophets, priests and kings, with their wives, and children, for the purpose of crowing the faithful to enter into the joys of their Lord; preparatory to their going into eternity to multiply and replenish new worlds, -- For as Jehovah says his name is "endless and eternal," so the increase and government of the kingdoms have no end; Amazing thought! But who has numbered the gods, or their kingdoms? Who has been up to the Highest to behold his perfection, improvement, and ceaseless progression? Or who has surveyed the [cosmonam], where matter generates and space swells into room for everything? Aye who? I will give the life time of the Almighty for the answer to come, and time again to the prophet and patriarch who have gone to paradise to help the Holy one, wind up the wickedness of this world.

And what shall I say of the prophet. The Prince of light, he that pointed out the faults in the wisdom of men, and demonstrated the folly [of] the philosophy of ages? He that cut the chain cable of Christian convenience, with the sword of the spirit, as if it had been a silken thread in the blaze of a candle? He that cut the Gordian knot of bastard matrimony, with its same scissors that Peter used to clip the gentile locks and Jewish curls, that grew and flourished in families by order of Nimrod, Nebuchadnezzar, and Caesar? He that took truth for his pruning knife, virtue for his coat of mail and God for his guide and undertook to prune the vineyard of the Lord for the last time? What! in this age of inventions, flying intelligence, and self shining glory, what shall I say of Joseph the seer, whose innocent blood stains the land of freedom, stains the halls of legislation; stains the judges' bench; stains the priests' pulpit; and stains the nation's panoply -- yet, what shall I say of this patriot of purity? I will say he was all he was the agent of Jehovah to call on all flesh to settle the trespass committed upon the word of the Lord and call for satisfaction for the forcible expulsion, by the powers of "church and state," of the holy priesthood; and to make men render an account of the deeds done in the body -- whereby the sacred order of matrimony had been corrupted: and he came not from the hot-beds of college arts, and university science to invent new creeds, and enlarge the breach of division, but he came, without the "stolen thunder" of some pretty prince of this world; to wake admiration; yes, he came self made, and fired his own earthquakes to summon the world to judgment; he came, not in a tempest of wrath, but in the still small voice of Jehovah with full power to restore the holy priesthood: he came not in "the whirl-wind of public opinion" but in the simple name of Jesus Christ with love that surpasses understanding, to from a "union" that astonishes all the "powers that be," and sets this the priesthood of Baal at defiance. And all hell howls with "a host of hired servants" -- to "kick up" for them!

He came to reveal the ancient history of Ephraim and Manasseh, mixed among the nations, the tribes of American Indian, unaccounted for by the surplus notion of the learned, and, in their unlettered degradation, to report them as the "heirs apparent, for the benefit of morality, and eternal lives, of that Almighty power, which the world can neither give nor take: he came to bring the book of Mormon to light from its angel guarded home in the hill Cumorah; and to translate it by the common sense of inspiration, and [hurl] this boasted wisdom of the 19th century. He came in what is termed the age of light and reason, to stamp in letters of blood the "splendid religions" of the day, as a spiritual delusion, leaving as a frock fitted clergy, and stall-fed philosophy to keep it from tumbling into the "slime pit," of magnetism, [masonism], socialism, and debauchery; and he came with the keys unlock Pandora's box of free thinking and "popular fury" -- and he's done it!

He came to give the commandments and law of the Lord, to build temples, and teach men to improve in love and grace, that the wise among men might gather out of spiritual Babylon, which is temporal and spiritual wickedness, untill instead of church and state, -- that Saints might "tithe" to save themselves from being burned in the great day of God Almighty. -- If Jesus came to die and rise, to lead captivity captive, so did Joseph come to die and increase the power to bind Satan: that eternal lives and eternal progression might search the eternal round with out impidement. He came to feel after the purses and consciences of this money loving generation and to push in the golden age, so that the wealthy may waste their millions in extravagance, while the poor starve unnoticed, unless the[y] trust in the Lord, and flee to Zion, and there prepare for the great day of battle and war! He came to establish our church upon earth, upon the pure and eternal principles of Revelation, prophets and apostles, for the holy reason, that God never acknowledges, and accepts a church upon earth, as his, without there is a prophet in it to tell of it.

He came fully posted to meet the Devil, or any of the Clerks -- bowing as "gentlemen," -- or "fluttering" as 'ladies'; gilded to attract attention; or cloaked to escape notice: and the devil knew it: For said he in one his great sermons, "Where ever I am the Devil is -- to watch my progress -- but he is a gentlemen"; by this you may know the saints from the sinner. The Mormon is a man; the Christian -- a gentleman; So the hypocrite magnifies his neighbors faults; the Mormon minds his own business [---------]

He came to punish vice, and praise virtue; he came to darken the dungeons of lust, and light up the mansions of love; he came to expel the errors of ages, and teach men to walk in the light of the Lord; And he came to war against the devil and eternalize his privilege of [dripping] vengeance, mixed with venom round the fire of the damn'd!

He is dead, but he lives; he is absent from us, but at home in heaven; he is where he can use the treasury of snow and hail; he can now direct the lion from the thicket to lay the gentile cities waste; and cause the young lion to go forth among the herds and tread down and tear in pieces and none can deliver. Wo to the [drunkards] with Ephraim! and the great whore of Babylon! for their destruction is sure, and their end near. Pestilence, famine, fire, and the sword, will no longer lay backed up in the magazine of plagues reserved for superior occasion, but the still small voice of mighty angels whispers, waste on, ye scamps for the wicked, waste on, by sea and land: waste on, touch the high and the low, the bond and the free; the rich and the poor; Waste on! Waste on, till the consumption decreed by the Supreme Court of Heaven, has made a full end of all the actions that forget God and have pleasure in unrighteousness. And all eternity responds, -- waste on! till great Babylon sinks like a mill stone cast into the sea, to rise no more!

Governor Ford said, when Moses rose up in Egypt with a new religion, against what the priests were then practicing, there was a mighty stir among the people, and all Israel had to leave; and so when Jesus came among the Jews with a new religion, they crucified him, and can the Mormons hope for anything less from our "higher order of society" in these "free" United States? Can Mr. Smith with his phalanx of elders, right in the broad of face of all the wisdom, philosophy, improvement, and morality and above all, of long established churches, where religion like education, is liberally patronized and made popular? Can he, hope to pass the scrutiny of public opinion without encountering the same destiny that has attended all new religions? Then whirling on his heel observed, in a low tone to one of his aids, -- "the trial must come." and so it has.

But, Brethren and Sisters, Tom Ford is supposed to be one of those beings that believes when a child was born, that some person has died; and that the spirit of the dead one then enters the living child -- but unfortunately, we must come to the conclusion from analogy, that when Tom Ford was born, no body died.

Perhaps this governor, like pharoah, had his heart hardened to test the faith of the saints -- that Israel [might] flee from the terrible enjoyment of freedom, where the constitution allows all men to worship God according to the dictates of conscience, if there is no new revelation to expose the sins of this people. In case there is -- hush!

And yet the spirit whispers, what shall I say of Joseph the seer, cut off from his useful life in the midst of his years? Why, I will say that he has done more in fifteen years, to make the truth plain -- open the way of life; and carry glad tidings to the meek -- whereby Israel, or more properly the sons of Joseph, mixed with the gentiles, can hear the long expected "call" -- come home my children for the day of your release is near, than all Christendom has done in fifteen hundred years with money, press, and a hired clergy: Joseph Smith, as the savior predicted, has sent the gospel to the poor, without purse or [scrip]; without the Right Reverend D. D. of Yale, Oxford, Gotham, or Nicholas of Russia, to lend a helping hand as prime minister of the church militant; none of these lambskin sacerdotals, not even the Archbishop of Canterbury, or Pope of Rome, have so much as nodded good luck to the boy that hunts for the lost sheep of the house of Israel. And yet, glory to God, in the highest, the very dust has spoken; the meek have heard; the wise have come; and the everlasting gospel is being preached to all nations as a testimony that the last days are here and the wicked must perish.

Tell the world, and let eternity bare record, that the great name of Joseph Smith will go down to unborn worlds and up to sanctified heavens, and gods, with all his shining honors and endless fame as stars in his crown, while the infamy of his persecutors can only be written in their ashes. Well may it be echoed, congratulated the dead that die in the Lord, for in this time, verily says the spirit, for they can rest from their labors, and their works shall follow them. All hail the [sad] triumphant deed! The souls under the altar, that John saw, hail it as the harbinger of Jehovah's vengeance! The "little season," when their fellow-servants, and brethren should be slain for the truth's sake, as they had been in past ages, has come! While the Delilah of the gentiles is kissing her paramour, and clipping his locks, singing softly:
Hush my dear, [lie] still and slumber,
  Ladies always guard thy bed;
All thy blessing, with out number,
  We have taken from thy head.
Joseph has escaped through blood to bliss to fire the indignation of the holy ones who wrote the destinies of men! And he is an angel now, and if ever there was a time when the "vials of wrath," ought to be poured out upon the wicked -- it is now and hence! and who can do it better then Joseph? The earth is ripening and hell is merry with misery, so, rejoice ye saints, for the triumph of the wicked is short; they can kill the body, as we have in this sample, but mormonism is a celestial medicine, and must be applied as the sovereign remedy for all sin: After the lawyers, and judges, and juries, and doctors, and priests, and statesmen, and people have spent their judgment upon the case, and squandered their means and mites, to cover up crime, and set the murderers free, then, yes my friends, then the union of players, the long suffering of patience, the quellings of virtue, the diligence of sincerity, the widow's mourn and the orphan's tears, will most certainly move Jehovah to vex this nation, and all nations, that have rejected, and slain his prophets and apostles: Then comes the day of calamity: then passes this bitter cup: then, brethren and sisters, we can laugh at their distress and trouble; and mock when their fear comes; to witness how severely easy the Lord can sprinkle the "hot drops" of heaven upon the gentiles to consume their proud flesh, and fit their impure souls for an apprenticeship in hell, "where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched."

Our God you know has parts and passions, and when he enters into judgment with our persecutors and has sufficiently troubled them on earth, I mean such pseudo gentlemen, as Cain, Nimrod, Korah, Judas, Herod, Boggs, Ford and their associates, I have an idea, that the resurrected saints, who have come up through great tribulations, will give them, in return, for their practiced science of satan, a turn or two of even handed justice, when they bind them in fetters of brass and iron; and bid them an everlasting farewell and faithful execution of the judgment written, for his honor have all the saints. Praise ye the Lord!

The prophet and patriarch have gone to paradise to bear testimony of the wickedness of the world, and help hasten the deliverance of the saints. Joseph goes back among his old associates of the [other] world, who have waded through like scenes of affliction in the several ages past, and being beyond the power of death, as he was mighty for life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, among good men, to raise and exalt them for eternal lives; how much more almighty will he be with the spirits of just men made perfect, and the Holy ones, to prune the vineyard; remove the bitter branches; and give room for the speedy fulfillment of his great and last revelation? And how long, as Daniel said, to the end of these wonders? How long till the children of Israel, gathered from the four quarters of the earth, will begin to multiply according to the promises made to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and endorsed by the Savior with an hundred fold of wives and children? Verily, how long till the Israel of God becomes as numerous as the sands upon the sea shore; as the stars of the heaven for numbers; and death and the devil have no power to trouble the saints upon the earth? And the Spirits echo -- How long?

To close, I will say, the blood of all the prophets, shed from Abel to Joseph must be atoned for; the debts must be paid, whether in blood for blood, or life for life, matters not; when man takes what he cannot restore; let him die the second death, when "there is weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth," and learn our perfect rule of right, that no murderer inherit eternal life: It is all one to us what the mob does with their work hands; the great day is at hand; the master trump sounds; wake the world for the conflict of power; let the spirits of the damned enter their comrades as the legion did the swine; bring out the foes of all good, from Cain to the flood; from Ham to Babel; from Nimrod to Sodom; from Abimelech to Egypt; from Pharoah to the 184,000 spirits that met the angels of war; and all apostate vagabonds, from the angel of war's glorious night till now, and let them help their fellow sinners soar away: a few more daring deeds, a few more desperate cases; and fate will call home his little [----] of sin, while the trumps sound that unexpected sentence: it is finished! it is finished! The saints are free; Jehovah's won the victory, and not a righteous man is lost!





1990 to 1999: Various Items

"Phelps Conversion" '92  |  "Political Clerk" '92
continue to 2000s -- return to top of the page





"By That Book I Learned the Right Way to God:
"The Conversion of William W. Phelps"

---
Bruce A. Van Orden
Regional Studies in Latter-day Saint
Church History: New York

BYU, 1992
Contents © 1992 by Brigham Young University
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)
(under construction)




 





"William W. Phelps's Service in Nauvoo
as Joseph Smith's Political Clerk"

---
Bruce A. Van Orden
BYU Studies Spring 1992
Contents © 1992 by Brigham Young University
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)
(under construction)






2000 to 2014: Various Items

"Publisher Phelps" '10  |  Quest for New Jerusalem '12
return to top of the page





Hearken, O Ye People...
---
Mark L. Staker
Greg Kofford Books 2010
Contents © 2009 by Mark L. Staker
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)

Chp. 13. p. 179: Joseph Smith immediately sent a letter to N. C. Saxton, publisher of a religious newspaper in Rochester, New York, warning of the coming calamity.... he sent a copy to W. W. Phelps in Missouri; who took it seriously. Two of the earliest manuscripts of this prophecy are in Phelps's handwriting. One copy occupies the first three pages of his journal. *
__________
* Transcriber's Note: The Joseph Smith Papers editor supplies this explanation: "This letter was part of JS’s concerted effort to resolve the disruptive quarrels and petty wrangling that had marred the relationship between church leaders in Missouri and Ohio... When JS sent the letter, he included... a copy of a revelation known as the 'Olive Leaf.' In the short term, the three documents produced the desired reconciliation."

—§—

Chp. 13. p. 179" W. W. Phelps's Influence as Publisher -- Phelps came from a prominent abolitionist family * in Canandaigua, New York, and had worked briefly on two newspapers, the Western Courier and the Lake Light before starting his own newspaper the Ontario Phoenix in Canandaigua (1827-28). Phelps's paper focused heavily on anti-Masonic issues which, in western New York, included a platform opposing slavery. Phelps printed articles in all these papers critical of issues of slavery.
__________
* Transcriber's Note: William Wines Phelps was born in New Jersey and his father's family homesteaded a farm in Homer, New York, a considerable distance east of Canandaigua. Possibly Staker has confused W. W. Phelps' family with the prominent Canandaigua family headed by Oliver Phelps. Neither of those two distantly related families could properly be called "abolitionist," however. -- Phelps' association with the Western Courier and the Lake Light was that of editor, and his editor's association with the Ontario Phoenix continued through the spring of 1831. While Phelps may have been personally opposed to slavery, he was certainly not an abolitionist -- his inherent racism was evident as late as 1851, when he preached: "Here let the filthy degraded Israelite of America, the poor Indian, come and unlearn his corruptions and errors... till... he becomes white, delightsome, and holy. Here let the Jehovah-smitten Canaanite bow in humble submission to his superiors..."

—§—

Chp. 13. p. 180: [Phelps] arrived in Kirtland on June 14, [1831] just after the June conference as Joseph Smith was preparing to go to Missouri.... Joseph received a revelation (D&C 55) that same day in which the Lord promised that after "my servant William" was baptized he was to be ordained an elder and have power to bestow the Holy Spirit on others. Accordingly Phelps was baptized and presumably ordained two days later on June 16.... He left with Joseph Smith and others for Missouri on June 19 and arrived in Independence on July 14. Phelps returned to Kirtland to retrieve his family and was ordained to the High Priesthood on October 1, 1831.

—§—

Chp. 13. p. 181-82: Citizens of Jackson County produced a manifesto to explain what drove them to decide to rid their community of the Mormons... Subsequent events confirmed that this threat against the Mormon community was not idle. Phelps responded in the next edition of the paper under "Free People of Color" that the Mormons had not invited free negroes and mulattoes to join the Church and dismissed the accusation as a "wicked fabrication."... [however] it was beyond debate that Mormons had not only been commanded to proselyte among blacks but also that these black converts would gather to Missouri. The Mormon doctrine of gathering placed a high premium on moving to designated locations while complex laws from state to state made it difficult for black converts anywhere in the nation to do so with ease. The doctrine of gathering as it was developing could not be easily introduced in a nation marked by racial bigotry and oppression.

—§—

Chp. 13. p. 183-84: Phelps sensed the anger of his neighbors and immediately attempted to soothe their feelings by printing the Evening and The Morning Star Extra on July 16, 1833. This small handbill was designed to circulate widely so readers could have their own copy rather than rely on word of mouth. In it Phelps emphasized his previous assertion that Mormons were law-abiding citizens who understood that it was against the law to bring free blacks into Missouri....

Four days after Phelps printed his attempt at a retraction in the Extra on July 16, a group of citizens estimated at three to five hundred gathered in Independence, entered the newspaper office, seized all of the copies of the handbill and July issue still in the office, threw them into an old log stable, and added the printed sheets of the revelations that would become the Book of Commandments, the fonts of type, and the press itself.... The fact that the slavery sympathizers destroyed the issue of the Evening and the Morning Star containing "Free People of Color" and the Extra handbill intended to clarify Phelps's statements provides definite evidence that they did not find Phelps's explanations persuasive. Nor did this action relieve tensions. Over the next four months, Jackson County's citizens drove 1,200 Mormons from their community.

—§—

(under construction)









The Quest for the New Jerusalem
---
John J Hammond
Xlibris Corporation 2012
Contents © 2012 by John J Hammond
("fair use" excerpts reproduced)

Vol. 3. p. 142: ...as Joseph Jr. was preparing to go west [in 1831], a man arrived from New York with his family who, though not yet a Mormon, would play a crucial role in Missouri and in the Church. Though down on his luck, William Wine [sic] Phelps -- born 17 February 1792 -- was a talented man who had been candidate for Lieutenant Governor * of New York... came from a prominent abolitionist family in Canandaigua... worked briefly on two newspapers, the Western Courier and the Lake Light before starting his own newspaper the Ontario Phoenix... his paper "focused heavily on anti-Masonic issues," it also "included a platform opposing slavery," and Phelps "printed articles in all these papers critical of issues of slavery."

...a Bible-believing seeker and millenarian when he heard of the Book of Mormon's publication in Palmyra just twelve miles north of his home in Canandaigua. The book struck him as true on first reading, and a visit to Joseph Smith in December 1830 confirmed the initial impression. He delayed baptism until a decline in his fortunes the following spring, including a brief stay in debtors' prison, persuaded him to move to Kirtland and throw in his lot with the Mormons.... Like Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon, Phelps would be one of those indigent Mormons whose "stewardship" would be larger than his "consecration."
__________
* Transcriber's Note: Hammond repeats a frequently encountered revision of E. D. Howe's 1834 allegation -- of Phelps having been "foiled in his desires to become a candidate for Lt. Governor [of New York]," etc. The revision of "desires" into an historical fact of political candidacy, has no substantial basis, and is not supported by any pre-1834 reporting. --- While faith-promoting LDS sources typically portray Phelps as a pious Christian seeker of the late 1820s, contemporary reporting tends to picture him as a pretender or a hypocrite in religious matters during that period. Later in the century, the Rev. William H. Whitsitt summarized Phelps' early reputation as being that of "a broken-down politician" and "an avowed infidel."

—§—

Vol. 3. p. 143: Recognizing Phelps' intellect and publishing skills, Joseph Jr. produced a brief revelation for him (D&C 55) which indicated that, after he was baptized and ordained an elder, he would be "ordained to assist my servant Oliver Cowdery to do the work of printing, and of selecting and writing books for schools in this church, that little children also may receive instruction before me as is pleasing unto me." The Lord told him to "take your journey [to Missouri] with my servants Joseph Smith, Jun., and Sidney Rigdon, that you may be planted in the land of your inheritance to do this work."
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Vol. 3. p. 144: Leaving Kirtland on June 19, Joseph Jr. and his party traveled by wagon, canal boat, and stagecoach to Cincinnati, and then by steamboat to Louisville and St. Louis. While at Cincinnati Joseph Jr. "had an interview with the Rev. Walter Scott, one of the founders of the Campbellites... At St. Louis Joseph Jr., Martin Harris, Phelps, Partridge, and Joseph Coe undertook to walk the remaining 250 miles of sparsely settled prairie in hot July weather....

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Vol. 3. p. 164-66: Joseph Smith Jr. left Independence to return to Kirtland on 9 August 1831 with "ten Elders," including Oliver Cowdery... Sidney Rigdon, W. W. Phelps... The leadership group left Independence "landing" by canoe and traveled down the Missouri River toward St. Louis.... After a couple of days on the river, Joseph Jr. claimed that Phelps experienced a startling vision after some particularly harrowing experiences... In his History, Joseph Jr. wrote: "Nothing very important occurred till the third day, when many of the dangers so common upon the western waters, manifested themselves; and after we had encamped upon the bank of the river, at McIlwaine's Bend, Brother Phelps in open vision by daylight, saw the destroyer in his most horrible power, ride upon the face of the waters; others heard the noise, but saw not the vision." ...

...the next morning, August 13, Joseph Jr. claimed he had received a revelation the day before (BofC 62, LDS and RLDS D&C 61) in support of Phelps' personification of the phenomenon as either divine or devilish, or perhaps both....

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Vol. 3. p. 167-68: Joseph Jr. reported that after the negative experience on the Missouri River, and the reception of two revelations, his party "continued our journey by land to St. Louis, where we overtook Brothers Phelps and Gilbert [who had gone on some undisclosed "mission"]. From this place we took stage, and they [Phelps and Gilbert] went by water to Kirtland, where we arrived safe and well on the 27th [August]."... After all this revelatory "sound and fury" about the danger of water travel, Phelps and Gilbert (though not Smith, Rigdon, and Cowdery) apparently traveled by steamboat to Louisville and Cincinnati (and probably on from there to Wellsville on the Ohio River).
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* Transcriber's Note: History does not record the reason why Phelps and Gilbert were emancipated from the necessity of walking back to Ohio from Missouri. Perhaps their recourse to the stagecoach and river steamer had soemthing to do with an "undisclosed mission." --- William H. Whitsitt later offered his own opinion: "William W. Phelps had been abundantly rewarded for his open vision by daylight on the Missouri river by being permitted in company with Sidney Gilbert to return to Kirtland by public conveyance instead of wearing out his feet by long marches across the country."

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Vol. 3. p. 362: A major Mormon event of the summer of 1832 was the publication in Independence of the first issue of the Star, the Church's first periodical, and the first publication by Mormons since the Book of Mormon. It came off the press in late June, and copies were received in Kirtland in early July. Editor W. W. Phelps bragged about its frontier location: its office "is situated within 12 miles of the west line of the state of Missouri; -- which at present, is the western limits of the United States, and about 120 miles west of any press in the state."... He also began publishing the Upper Missouri Advertiser, more of a community newspaper....

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Vol. 3. p. 365-66: Phelps began to denounce slackers in his newspapers, as well as any Saints who tried to better themselves independently by working for their Gentile neighbors.... He printed a long article to that effect in the January 1833, Star.... Phelps also did not use good discretion with regard to the messages he conveyed in the Star, considering that it was likely to be read by already hostile gentile Missourians. Hill notes that his articles alerted them to the possibility of a threatening Mormon-Indian alliance. "As the Saints [in Zion] grew in numbers, strength and influence, the older settlers began to look upon them with apprehension and hostility, finding cause to complain first about the Mormon attitude toward the Indians. To the old settlers, the Indians were savages and a threat to safety and property. They were dismayed by the thousands of Shawnee and other tribes evicted from their lands in Ohio, Illinois and Kentucky who were now moving through Missouri toward the great plains to which they had been banished by Andrew Jackson's decree. The settlers protested in vain against the practice most of the tribes had of camping for a night or two outside the village of Independence before crossing the Missouri border. The Mormons, however, encouraged and befriended the Indians, rejoicing and broadcasting their belief that the migrations were a manifestation of the gathering tribes of Israel. Throughout the remainder of 1832, Phelps published accounts of the Indian migrations as a manifestation of the second advent of Christ, which he predicted would occur within nine years.

In his exuberance, Phelps sometimes enlarged upon official church news, and his articles often unintentionally fanned the anger of old settlers. Before the end of another year, the settlers would break into open hostility, with disastrous results for the church."... Hill blames this editorial policy on Phelps, but there is no indication that Joseph Jr. would have pursued a different policy for the Star had he been present in "Zion."

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Vol. 4. p. 136-37: On the day that Joseph Smith took action in Kirtland to effectively end radical socio-economic communitarianism in the Church -- 10 April 1834 -- Mormon leaders in Missouri launched a fruitless effort to persuade the national government to come to their assistance. This can also be seen as a move by the "doves" in Missouri to achieve their objectives without violence. A letter signed by Gilbert, Phelps, and Partridge was sent to President Andrew Jackson, and it was accompanied by a second petition (an earlier one had been sent to the President in October 1833), as well as a copy of a 12 December 1833 handbill, all describing the nasty treatment the Mormons had received in Jackson County....

That day Phelps also wrote to Missouri U.S. Senator Thomas Hart Benton (a Democrat) attempting to enlist his support in this endeavor.... He sought to portray himself as a potentially influential supporter of the Democratic Party in western Missouri: "you may remember that I was about to establish last summer, previous to the destruction of my office by the mob, a weekly newspaper, in favor of the present [Jackson] administration," and "my determination is to publish a weekly paper, in Jackson county, in favor of the present administration as soon as our society is restored to its legal rights and possessions."...

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Vol. 4. p. 140-42: Four days after Dunklin's letter was written, and probably before they had received it, Gilbert, Partridge, Phelps, Corrill and John Whitmer wrote again to the Governor.... Evidently they had just received word from Kirtland that a Mormon army was preparing to leave for Missouri, which may have come as something of a shock.... they informed Dunklin of their militant change of course, even telling him that the Zion's Camp force was on its way to Missouri....

Many of the Missouri Mormon leaders must have harbored deep misgivings about the new course of action emanating from Kirtland, even if they quickly bowed to Joseph Jr.'s wishes and revelations and accepted it. It may well be that their Jackson County enemies got wind of the planned military campaign against them from the above letter to the Governor, and perhaps some Mormons in Missouri could not resist bragging about what they intended to do once the Mormon troops arrived.

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Vol. 4. p. 143: W. W. Phelps wrote to Kirtland from Liberty, Clay County, Missouri on 1 May 1834... informing the Kirtland leaders that word of the Mormon militaristic intentions was provoking a severe response even before the Zion's Camp force had left Kirtland.
Last week an alarm was spread in Jackson county, the seat of iniquity and blood-shed, that the "Mormons" were crossing the Missouri, to take possession of their lands, and nearly all the county turned out, "prepared for war" on Saturday and Sunday took the field, near old McGees, above Blue [River]; but no Mormons came.... [T]he scene closed by burning our houses, or many of them. Our people had about one hundred and seventy buildings in Jackson, and a bonfire of nearly all of them at once, must have made a light large enough to have glared on the dark deed and cup of iniquity running over, at midnight." [There is some question whether this claim was true] "The crisis has come, all who will not take up arms with the mob and prepare to fight the 'Mormons have to leave Jackson county."

I understand some have left the county because they refused to fight an innocent people. It is said the mob will hold a "general muster" this week for the purpose of learning who is who. They begin to slip over the Missouri [River] and commit small depredations upon our brethren settled near the river, as we have reason to believe. It is said to be enough to shock the stoutest heart to witness the drinking, swearing, and ravings of the most of the mob: nothing but the powers of God can stop them in their latter day crusade against the Church of Christ.

(under construction)




 
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